Indian History Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 54

These were the four great needs of the people that the Guomindang set out to meet, following the ideas of Sun Yat-sen.

Richard Arkwright's water frame, patented in 1769, was a spinning machine driven by water power that spun strong cotton thread.

In the Maratha villages of the Deccan, an upari was a tenant who cultivated land without any hereditary right to it.

These records preserve petitions that women sent to the panchayat seeking redress. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries village panchayats settled disputes and punished misconduct.

Ashoka turned to Buddhism after the Kalinga war, but he neither abolished the death penalty nor disbanded his army. The Kalinga war, fought around 261 BCE in the eighth year of his reign, left over a lakh dead, and in Rock Edict XIII Ashoka records his deep remorse.

The zamindars did exploit the peasants, and yet peasants often backed them against the Mughal state. Zamindars held rights over land and collected revenue on behalf of the state, keeping a share for themselves.

The Cripps Mission of March 1942 offered India Dominion status after the Second World War, not full independence. Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of Churchill's War Cabinet, came as Japan advanced in South-East Asia.

The Surat split of December 1907 came from a basic difference in method.

Araghatta was the name for a water-lifting wheel used to irrigate fields in early medieval India.

Eripatti and Ghatikas are described correctly, but Taniyurs were not villages gifted to Brahmins. These terms come from inscriptions of early medieval South India, especially of the Pallava and Chola periods.

Keshab Chandra Sen founded the Tabernacle of New Dispensation and the Indian Reform Association, but not the Calcutta Unitarian Committee.

The proposals led to the Government of India Act, 1919, which changed how British India was governed. Edwin Montagu, the Secretary of State for India, announced in August 1917 that Britain aimed at the gradual development of self-governing institutions in India.

Statement 1 is wrong because the Bodhisattva ideal is central to Mahayana Buddhism, not Hinayana. A Bodhisattva is a being moved by compassion who is on the path to Buddhahood but postpones his own nirvana so that he can help all living beings reach liberation.

Swadeshi and boycott were first adopted as national methods of struggle in the movement against Lord Curzon's partition of Bengal.

In 1837 Prinsep, an officer of the East India Company's mint and secretary of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, deciphered the Brahmi script in which most of Ashoka's edicts are written.

The Banjaras were travelling traders and carriers who moved goods across the country on long caravans of pack oxen. Their caravans, called tanda, could have thousands of bullocks carrying grain, salt and other goods from the countryside to towns and markets.

Both statements are correct: the Siddhas rejected idol worship, and the Lingayats rejected caste and rebirth.

This play by Kalidasa tells the love story of Agnimitra, son of Pushyamitra Sunga, and Malavika, a maid in the queen's household.

The Act of 1919 is known as the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms; the Morley-Minto Reforms were the Indian Councils Act of 1909, a decade earlier, remembered for separate electorates.

Around 850 AD Vijayalaya, until then a feudatory of the Pallavas, seized Thanjavur from the Muttaraiyar chiefs and made it his capital, and that conquest marks the beginning of the imperial Chola line.