Geography Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 19

Earthquake waves fall into body waves, which travel through the interior of the Earth, and surface waves, which move along the surface, and the surface waves are called L waves, or long waves.

The Earth turns through 360 degrees in 24 hours, so it covers 15 degrees of longitude in one hour, and each standard time zone is drawn one hour, that is 15 degrees, wide.

Dal Lake in Srinagar is called the jewel of Srinagar, because the houseboats, floating gardens and shikaras of the city sit on it.

The Campos are the tropical grasslands of the Brazilian highlands, the Pampas are the temperate grasslands of Argentina, the Downs are the temperate grasslands of south-east Australia, and the Llanos are the tropical grasslands of the Orinoco basin in Venezuela and Colombia.

Ooty, or Udhagamandalam, sits in the Nilgiri hills of Tamil Nadu at about 2,240 metres, but it lies close to the equator at roughly 11 degrees north, so its winter temperatures stay above freezing and it gets no snowfall.

New oceanic crust is made at mid-ocean ridges, where magma rises, cools and is pushed outwards on both sides, and that process is called seafloor spreading.

Plate tectonics says the Earth's rigid outer shell is broken into plates that keep moving slowly, carried by convection currents in the mantle below.

Vipasha is the Sanskrit name of the Beas, the river the Greeks called Hyphasis and the one at whose bank Alexander's army refused to march further east in 326 BC.

In Census 2011 Haryana recorded a sex ratio of 879 females per 1,000 males, the lowest among all the states of India, against the national figure of 943; among the union territories the lowest was Daman and Diu.

An industrial city does not stand alone: the country around it supplies food for its workers, agricultural raw material such as cotton, cane, oilseed and jute for its mills, and labour from the villages, while the city in turn sells manufactured goods and services back to that countryside.

When industries gather at one urban centre, each of them can use the roads, railways, power lines, water supply, banks, insurance offices, skilled workers, component suppliers and repair workshops that the others have brought into being, and the saving in cost that follows from this sharing is called an agglomeration…

India's first jute mill was set up at Rishra, on the bank of the Hooghly near Serampore in Bengal, in 1855 by George Auckland.

India's climate is usually called a tropical monsoon type, because the Tropic of Cancer runs across the middle of the country and the seasonal reversal of winds brings almost all of its rain.

Campos are the tropical grasslands of the Brazilian Highlands, so this is the only pair in the list that names a tropical grassland.

IISCO has its works at Burnpur, near Asansol in West Bengal, on the Kolkata-Asansol railway line, and it became a subsidiary of the Steel Authority of India and was later merged into it, the plant now being run as the IISCO Steel Plant.

The Eskimos, who call themselves Inuit, live in the polar region, that is the Arctic lands of Greenland, northern Canada, Alaska and eastern Siberia.

In Census 2011 Muslims were the largest religious minority of India at 14.2 per cent of the population, and Christians came next at 2.3 per cent, which makes them the second largest minority.

The Kawas Thermal Power Station stands at Kawas near Hazira in the Surat district of Gujarat, on the bank of the Tapi.

Loess is a deposit of fine silt and dust carried by the wind and dropped far from where it was picked up, so it is the classic wind made or aeolian soil.

Palm, coconut, keora and agar are the trees named for India's mangrove or tidal forests, which grow where the land meets the sea in deltas, estuaries and creeks.