Geography GK Questions with Answers – Page 58

The Bhakra dam stands on the Sutlej at Bhakra in Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh, with the Nangal barrage downstream in Punjab, and the reservoir behind it is Govind Sagar.

The Inland Vessels Act, 2021 replaced the Inland Steam Vessels Act of 1917, a colonial law under which every state registered vessels separately.

Sahibganj lies on the Ganga in the north-eastern corner of Jharkhand and its terminal was built to move coal and stone chips from the Rajmahal belt by water instead of road.

The Jal Marg Vikas Project, taken up with assistance from the World Bank, deepens the channel of the Ganga between Haldia and Varanasi and builds multi-modal terminals, jetties and navigation aids so that larger vessels can sail through the year.

Shipping and navigation on inland waterways declared by Parliament to be national waterways is a Union List subject, which is why a central Act is needed to declare each waterway.

The Barak between Lakhipur and Bhanga, about 121 km, serves the Barak valley of southern Assam, and through Karimganj it joins the protocol route across Bangladesh, which makes it the lifeline of a region cut off from the rest of Assam by hills.

National Waterway 3 runs 205 km from Kollam to Kottapuram along the West Coast Canal and includes the Champakara and Udyogmandal canals, which serve the industrial belt near Kochi.

The National Waterways Act, 2016 brought together in one statute the five waterways already declared between 1986 and 2008 and added many more, making 111 in all, spread over rivers, canals, creeks, estuaries and backwaters in most states of the country.

The Authority came into being in 1986 under the Inland Waterways Authority of India Act, 1985, and its headquarters is at Noida in Uttar Pradesh.

National Waterway 2 follows the Brahmaputra for 891 km inside Assam, from Dhubri on the Bangladesh border to Sadiya in the upper valley, and its principal terminal is Pandu near Guwahati.

The correct answer is C, 1,620 km, which makes National Waterway 1 the longest of India's national waterways and the one with the largest cargo movement.

National Waterway 1 runs 1,620 km from Haldia in West Bengal to Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh, through West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, and was the first waterway to be declared national, in 1986.

It is a constructive plate margin, where molten rock rises and new ocean floor is created, and its highest peaks break the surface as islands such as Iceland and the Azores.

The tide generating force of a body is not simply its gravitational pull but the difference in that pull across the earth, and that difference falls off as the cube of the distance rather than the square.

A seamount is an isolated volcanic peak rising from the deep sea floor without reaching the surface; where such a peak once stood at sea level and had its top worn flat by waves before subsiding, it is called a guyot.

The correct answer is C, Lake Van in Turkey, which records a salinity of about 330 parts per thousand, the highest figure given in standard textbooks.

Salinity is expressed in parts per thousand, so 35 ppt means 35 grams of dissolved salt in a kilogram of sea water.

The correct answer is B, the Bay of Fundy, between Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in Canada, where the funnel shape of the bay and the length of the inlet make the incoming tide pile up to a range of the order of fifteen to sixteen metres.

On these days the sun, the moon and the earth lie in a straight line, a position called syzygy, so the pulls of the sun and the moon act together and the tidal range is at its greatest; spring tides therefore occur twice in a lunar month and have nothing…

It is the gently sloping, shallow margin of the continent, extending to a depth of about 200 metres with a gradient of one degree or less and an average width of about seventy to eighty kilometres, and it makes up roughly 7.5 per cent of the ocean area.