Geography GK Questions with Answers – Page 21

Chabahar gives India a sea-and-land route to Afghanistan and Central Asia that bypasses Pakistan. The port lies on the Makran coast of Iran's Sistan-Baluchestan province, on the Gulf of Oman, outside the Strait of Hormuz.

Anatolia–Turkey and Amhara–Ethiopia are correct, while Cabo Delgado and Catalonia are paired with the wrong countries. Anatolia, also called Asia Minor, is the large peninsula between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean that forms most of Turkey's territory, so pair 1 is correct.

The Senkaku Islands are a small group of uninhabited islands in the East China Sea, administered by Japan and claimed by China, which calls them the Diaoyu Islands; Taiwan also claims them as Diaoyutai.

In India's land-use classification, land that is left uncultivated for more than five agricultural years is recorded as culturable waste land, even though it could be brought back under cultivation with reclamation.

Hajipur in Bihar is the headquarters of the East Central Railway zone, which began working in 2002. Indian Railways is divided into zones, each with its own headquarters and divisions.

Decomposition breaks rocks down at the surface and is a process of weathering, whereas metamorphism changes rocks deep inside the crust through heat, pressure and chemically active solutions.

The Sun's surface is about 6,000 °C, so most of its energy reaches the Earth as short-wave radiation: visible light and near (short wavelength) infrared, with a small share of ultraviolet.

Moran is an oil field in the Upper Assam valley, in Dibrugarh district of Assam, so it is not in Gujarat.

Charnockite is a granitic rock of the Archaean Basement Complex and is found in the Nilgiri and Palni hills of the south.

Bhangar is the older alluvium occupying the higher terraces above the present flood level of the rivers, and its soils often hold calcareous concretions known as kankar.

Lignite, or brown coal, is a low-rank coal formed from vegetation buried relatively recently, and the Neyveli field of Tamil Nadu is a Tertiary deposit, as are the petroleum-bearing rocks of Assam and Gujarat.

Sediment settles in layers at ordinary temperatures, so the remains of organisms buried with it are preserved as the layers are compacted and cemented, which is why sedimentary rocks are also called stratified rocks and why the history of life is read from them.

At the close of the Cretaceous, highly fluid lava welled out of long cracks in the crust in the north-western Deccan and spread as sheet after sheet over Maharashtra and parts of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh; the flat, step-like arrangement of these flows is what the word trap describes.

Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcium carbonate, and when it is subjected to heat and pressure its grains recrystallise into the dense, even-textured rock called marble.

Named after the Dharwar region of Karnataka, it is the oldest metamorphosed sedimentary system in India and is described as highly metalliferous, yielding iron ore, manganese, gold, copper, lead, zinc and mica; the Champion gneiss of the Kolar gold field belongs to it.

The sandstones, shales and limestones of this Purana system, which stretch across central India into the Son valley, contain the conglomerate beds in which diamonds are found, and the Panna mines of Madhya Pradesh as well as the diamonds once traded from the Kurnool area are associated with them.

From the Upper Carboniferous onwards, thick beds of plant material accumulated in troughs and freshwater basins on the Gondwana landmass and were buried under sandstone and shale, giving the coalfields of the Damodar, Mahanadi, Godavari, Son and Wardha valleys.

In geology a rock is any natural aggregate of one or more minerals that forms part of the earth's crust, whether it is hard like granite or soft like clay, and rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic according to how they were formed.

Karewas are thick beds of fine clay, silt and sand laid down on the floor of a Pleistocene lake that once filled the Kashmir Valley; they form flat terraces above the Jhelum's floodplain, and the karewas around Pampore in Pulwama district produce the saffron for which the valley is famous…

The Damodar Valley Corporation was set up by an Act of Parliament in 1948, the first multipurpose river valley project of independent India, and it was consciously modelled on the Tennessee Valley Authority of the United States, which had combined flood control, irrigation, navigation and power generation in one basin…