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Environment & Ecology GK Questions with Answers – Page 6

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Environment & Ecology multiple choice questions with answers and explanations, 20 per page, for SSC, Banking, UPSC, Railway and state exams.

805 questions

Environment & Ecology NotesOnly previous-year questions (368)GK Quiz
Q101.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · CAPF 2026, Paper IEasy

Consider the following statements regarding biodiversity conservation:

1. In situ conservation refers to conservation of species in their natural habitats.

2. Nature reserves are areas specifically designed for wildlife conservation.

3. Captive breeding of animals is an in situ conservation measure.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.1 and 2
  3. C.3 only
  4. D.2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 1 and 2

Statements 1 and 2 are correct, but captive breeding is an ex situ measure, so statement 3 is wrong. In situ conservation protects plants and animals where they naturally live, along with their whole ecosystem.

Q102.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · CAPF 2017, Paper IMedium

Which of the following are the necessary conditions for the growth of coral reefs?

1. Photic conditions

2. Clean and sediment free water

3. Sea salinity of 6%

4. Tropical sea water with temperature of 20°C to 21°C

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

  1. A.1, 2 and 4 only
  2. B.2 and 4 only
  3. C.1 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Correct answer: A. 1, 2 and 4 only

Corals need sunlit, clean, warm tropical water, but a salinity of 6% is far too high for them, so statement 3 is wrong.

Q103.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · CAPF 2026, Paper IMedium

Which one of the following Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) talks about protecting and restoring terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably managing forests, combating desertification, halting and reversing land degradation and stopping biodiversity loss?

  1. A.SDG 5
  2. B.SDG 13
  3. C.SDG 15
  4. D.SDG 16
Show answer
Correct answer: C. SDG 15

SDG 15, "Life on Land", covers terrestrial ecosystems, forests, desertification, land degradation and biodiversity loss. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals were adopted by the UN General Assembly in September 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda, replacing the eight Millennium Development Goals.

Q104.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · CAPF 2023, Paper IEasy

'Basel Convention', 'Rotterdam Convention' and 'Stockholm Convention' relate to which of the following?

  1. A.Human Rights of Prisoners
  2. B.Management of Pollutants
  3. C.Conservation of Wetlands
  4. D.Conservation of Rivers
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Management of Pollutants

All three treaties deal with hazardous chemicals and wastes, and they share a joint secretariat under UNEP. The Basel Convention (1989) controls the movement of hazardous wastes across borders and their disposal, mainly to stop rich countries dumping waste in poorer ones.

Q105.Environment & EcologyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2022, GKEasy

Which of the following is/are the function(s) of environment?

1. Supplying resources

2. Sustaining life

3. Providing aesthetic services

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 and 3 only
  3. C.1,2 and 3
  4. D.1 and 3 only
Show answer
Correct answer: C. 1,2 and 3

Supplying resources, sustaining life and providing aesthetic services are all functions of the environment. The environment is the total of all the living and non-living things around us.

Q106.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2016, GS Paper IMedium

What is 'Greenhouse Gas Protocol'?

  1. A.It is an international accounting tool for government and business leaders to understand, quantify and manage greenhouse gas emissions
  2. B.It is an initiative of the United Nations to offer financial incentives to developing countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to adopt eco-friendly technologies
  3. C.It is an inter-governmental agreement ratified by all the member countries of the United Nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to specified levels by the year 2022
  4. D.It is one of the multilateral REDD+ initiatives hosted by the World Bank
Show answer
Correct answer: A. It is an international accounting tool for government and business leaders to understand, quantify and manage greenhouse gas emissions

The Greenhouse Gas Protocol is the most widely used international standard for measuring and reporting greenhouse gas emissions. It was launched in 1998 by the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).

Q107.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2020, GS Paper IHard

With reference to Indian elephants, consider the following statements:

1. The leader of an elephant group is a female.

2. The maximum gestation period can be 22 months.

3. An elephant can normally go on calving till the age of 40 years only.

4. Among the States in India, the highest elephant population is in Kerala.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.2 and 4 only
  3. C.3 only
  4. D.1, 3 and 4 only
Show answer
Correct answer: A. 1 and 2 only

Elephant herds are led by an old female, and pregnancy can last up to about 22 months; statements 3 and 4 are wrong.

Q108.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2016, GS Paper IEasy

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Proper design and effective implementation of UN-REDD+ Programme can significantly contribute to

1. protection of biodiversity

2. resilience of forest ecosystems

3. poverty reduction

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.3 only
  3. C.2 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: D. 1, 2 and 3

A well-run REDD+ programme protects biodiversity, makes forests more resilient and can reduce poverty among forest communities. REDD+ stands for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation, plus conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.

Q109.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2017, GS Paper IMedium

With reference to 'Global Climate Change Alliance', which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. It is an initiative of the European Union.

2. It provides technical and financial support to targeted developing countries to integrate climate change into their development policies and budgets.

3. It is coordinated by World Resources Institute (WRI) and World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.3 only
  3. C.2 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: A. 1 and 2 only

The Global Climate Change Alliance is a European Union programme; WRI and WBCSD run a different initiative, the Greenhouse Gas Protocol.

Q110.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2016, GS Paper IMedium

With reference to 'Red Sanders', sometimes seen in the news, consider the following statements:

1. It is a tree species found in a part of South India.

2. It is one of the most important trees in the tropical rain forest areas of South India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: A. 1 only

Red Sanders grows naturally in a small part of South India, but in dry deciduous forests, not in tropical rain forests.

Q111.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2022, GS Paper IEasy

The "Miyawaki method" is well known for the:

  1. A.Promotion of commercial farming in arid and semi-arid areas
  2. B.Development of gardens using genetically modified flora
  3. C.Creation of mini forests in urban areas
  4. D.Harvesting wind energy on coastal areas and on sea surfaces
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Creation of mini forests in urban areas

The Miyawaki method grows dense, fast-growing native forests on small plots of land, which suits crowded cities. The method was developed by the Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki.

Q113.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · CAPF 2020, Paper IEasy

Transition zone of varied natural vegetation occupying the boundary between two adjacent and differing plant communities is known as

  1. A.ecological succession
  2. B.ecotone
  3. C.ecological niche
  4. D.climax
Show answer
Correct answer: B. ecotone

An ecotone is the zone of transition where two different communities or ecosystems meet and blend. Examples of ecotones are the belt between forest and grassland, the mangrove zone between land and sea, an estuary where river water meets the ocean, and the margin between a lake and its shore.

Q114.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · CAPF 2020, Paper IEasy

The Cartagena Protocol, to which India is a party, is related to

  1. A.combat the green house gasses and to reduce the global warming and climate change
  2. B.biosafety, negotiated under the aegis of the Convention on Biological Diversity
  3. C.combat the ozone depleting substances to protect the human lives from diseases
  4. D.combat the phenomenon of desertification by improving dry land farming in dry regions
Show answer
Correct answer: B. biosafety, negotiated under the aegis of the Convention on Biological Diversity

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety deals with the safe handling of living modified organisms. The protocol was adopted in 2000 as a supplementary agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity and came into force in 2003; India is a party to it.

Q115.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · CAPF 2026, Paper IMedium

Consider the following statements :

1. Many urban and suburban areas experience a higher temperature than surrounding rural areas known as urban heat islands.

2. The reduction in urban green cover and the increase of built-up hard surface is the only cause of urban heat island.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: A. 1 only

Statement 1 defines the urban heat island correctly, but statement 2 is wrong because loss of green cover and more hard surfaces are not the only cause.

Q116.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2016, GS Paper IHard

With reference to an initiative called 'The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)', which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. It is an initiative hosted by UNEP, IMF and World Economic Forum.

2. It is a global initiative that focuses on drawing attention to the economic benefits of biodiversity.

3. It presents an approach that can help decision-makers recognize, demonstrate and capture the value of ecosystems and biodiversity.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.3 only
  3. C.2 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: C. 2 and 3 only

Statement 1 is wrong because TEEB is hosted by the UN Environment Programme alone, not jointly with the IMF and the World Economic Forum.

Q117.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2022, GS Paper IMedium

"Biorock technology" is talked about in which one of the following situations ?

  1. A.Restoration of damaged coral reefs
  2. B.Development of building materials using plant residues
  3. C.Identification of areas for exploration/extraction of shale gas
  4. D.Providing salt licks for wild animals in forests/protected areas
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Restoration of damaged coral reefs

Biorock is a method of growing reef structures under the sea with a mild electric current, so that corals can settle and recover.

Q118.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2023, GS Paper IMedium

Consider the following statements regarding mercury pollution :

1. Gold mining activity is a source of mercury pollution in the world.

2. Coal-based thermal power plants cause mercury pollution.

3. There is no known safe level of exposure to mercury.

How many of the above statements are correct?

  1. A.Only one
  2. B.Only two
  3. C.All three
  4. D.None
Show answer
Correct answer: C. All three

Gold mining and coal burning are the two biggest human sources of mercury, and no level of exposure is known to be safe.

Q119.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2022, GS Paper IEasy

Which of the following is not a bird ?

  1. A.Golden Mahseer
  2. B.Indian Nightjar
  3. C.Spoonbill
  4. D.White Ibis
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Golden Mahseer

The golden mahseer is a large freshwater fish, not a bird. The golden mahseer (Tor putitora) lives in fast-flowing rivers of the Himalayan foothills, from the Indus basin to the Brahmaputra.