What is 'Greenhouse Gas Protocol'?
- A.It is an international accounting tool for government and business leaders to understand, quantify and manage greenhouse gas emissions
- B.It is an initiative of the United Nations to offer financial incentives to developing countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to adopt eco-friendly technologies
- C.It is an inter-governmental agreement ratified by all the member countries of the United Nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to specified levels by the year 2022
- D.It is one of the multilateral REDD+ initiatives hosted by the World Bank
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is A. The Greenhouse Gas Protocol is the most widely used international standard for measuring and reporting greenhouse gas emissions.
It was launched in 1998 by the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD). It gives companies, cities and governments a common method to count their emissions, and it divides them into three scopes: Scope 1 covers direct emissions from owned sources, Scope 2 covers indirect emissions from purchased electricity, and Scope 3 covers all other indirect emissions in the value chain. Most corporate carbon reports and net-zero pledges are built on its standards.
B is wrong because it is not a UN funding programme; it is a voluntary accounting framework. C is wrong because it is not a treaty and sets no targets for countries. D is wrong because the World Bank's REDD+ initiatives, such as the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility, are separate.
Exam tip: GHG Protocol (1998) = WRI + WBCSD; Scope 1 direct, Scope 2 electricity, Scope 3 value chain.
Practice Questions
View allWith reference to Indian elephants, consider the following statements:
1. The leader of an elephant group is a female.
2. The maximum gestation period can be 22 months.
3. An elephant can normally go on calving till the age of 40 years only.
4. Among the States in India, the highest elephant population is in Kerala.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A.1 and 2 only
- B.2 and 4 only
- C.3 only
- D.1, 3 and 4 only
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Elephant herds are led by an old female, and pregnancy can last up to about 22 months; statements 3 and 4 are wrong.
Read the full explanation →Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Proper design and effective implementation of UN-REDD+ Programme can significantly contribute to
1. protection of biodiversity
2. resilience of forest ecosystems
3. poverty reduction
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- A.1 and 2 only
- B.3 only
- C.2 and 3 only
- D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
A well-run REDD+ programme protects biodiversity, makes forests more resilient and can reduce poverty among forest communities. REDD+ stands for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation, plus conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.
Read the full explanation →With reference to 'Global Climate Change Alliance', which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is an initiative of the European Union.
2. It provides technical and financial support to targeted developing countries to integrate climate change into their development policies and budgets.
3. It is coordinated by World Resources Institute (WRI) and World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- A.1 and 2 only
- B.3 only
- C.2 and 3 only
- D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
The Global Climate Change Alliance is a European Union programme; WRI and WBCSD run a different initiative, the Greenhouse Gas Protocol.
Read the full explanation →With reference to 'Red Sanders', sometimes seen in the news, consider the following statements:
1. It is a tree species found in a part of South India.
2. It is one of the most important trees in the tropical rain forest areas of South India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A.1 only
- B.2 only
- C.Both 1 and 2
- D.Neither 1 nor 2
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Red Sanders grows naturally in a small part of South India, but in dry deciduous forests, not in tropical rain forests.
Read the full explanation →The "Miyawaki method" is well known for the:
- A.Promotion of commercial farming in arid and semi-arid areas
- B.Development of gardens using genetically modified flora
- C.Creation of mini forests in urban areas
- D.Harvesting wind energy on coastal areas and on sea surfaces
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The Miyawaki method grows dense, fast-growing native forests on small plots of land, which suits crowded cities. The method was developed by the Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki.
Read the full explanation →