Computer Awareness GK Questions with Answers – Page 23

FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. It opens two channels with a server, one on port 21 for commands and one on port 20 for the matter itself, and moves whole files in either direction, which is how web pages are put on a hosting server.

The last part of a domain name is the top-level domain and tells you the kind of owner. Government offices use.gov, often with the country code added, as in india.gov.in for the National Portal of India.

The Domain Name System is the directory of the internet. People remember names, while machines route traffic by numbers, so a DNS server looks up the name typed in the browser and returns the matching IP address before the page is fetched.

SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol and is the rule set that pushes a letter out of your mail program to the server and onward from one server to the next until it reaches the receiver's mailbox.

IPv6 was framed because the older scheme was running out of addresses, and its 128-bit length yields a pool so large that shortage is no longer a worry.

Bcc stands for blind carbon copy. An address typed there receives the letter, but it is hidden from everyone else on the list, and the people in Bcc cannot see one another either.

HTTPS is HTTP wrapped in encryption, and web servers listen for it on port 443. When an address begins with https, the browser opens a secure channel on that port, and the padlock shown beside the address means the traffic on it is coded.

Ray Tomlinson sent the first message between two computers on ARPANET in 1971 and needed a character that would never appear in a person's name.

Working at CERN in Switzerland, he proposed a system of linked documents in 1989, wrote the first browser and server, and put the first website online in 1991.

ARPANET was funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the United States Department of Defense, and in 1969 it linked computers at four American universities and passed its first message between them.

The To field of a mail window is meant for the addresses of the people the letter is written to.

When a letter is deleted from a mailbox it is not wiped out at once. It is moved to a folder called Trash, or Bin in some services, and kept there for a fixed number of days so that a letter deleted by mistake can be restored.

The program was created by Forethought Inc., where Robert Gaskins and Dennis Austin designed it, and the first version ran on the Apple Macintosh in 1987.

The Print pane of PowerPoint offers handout layouts of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 9 slides per page, so nine is the largest number, and the 3-slide layout is the one that leaves ruled lines beside the slides for the audience to write on.

A template stores the theme, masters, layouts and sample content that new presentations are started from, and its extension in the current format is.potx; the older format used.pot.

The slide master holds the formatting that every slide built on it inherits — title font, body font, bullet style, background, colour scheme and the position of a logo — so one edit there updates the whole deck.

Shift + F5 is the "play from here" key, and it saves a presenter from running through a long deck while checking one slide.

Animations act on the objects of a slide — text, shapes, pictures, charts, SmartArt — and fall into four groups: Entrance, Emphasis, Exit and Motion Paths.

A transition is the visual effect between two slides — Fade, Push, Wipe, Split or Morph — and its gallery, duration, sound and advance timing all sit on the Transitions tab.

It adds a fresh slide below the selected slide, using the layout of the current one.