Banking & Financial Awareness GK Questions with Answers – Page 14

The Reserve Bank issued its framework for Domestic Systemically Important Banks in 2014 and has since placed these three in the list, on the view that their size, interconnectedness and complexity make their failure a danger to the whole system.

The Bank is located in Basel, Switzerland, was established in 1930 and is the oldest international financial institution in the world; it is often described as the bank for central banks because its members are central banks rather than private customers.

The Liquidity Coverage Ratio is a short term standard: a bank must hold enough high quality liquid assets, mainly cash, central bank reserves and sovereign securities, to survive the net cash outflows of a thirty day stress scenario, and the ratio must be at least a hundred per cent.

The buffer of two and a half per cent of risk weighted assets is meant to be built up in good years and drawn down in bad ones, so it must consist of the highest quality capital, that is common equity.

The crisis showed that banks had too little capital of genuinely loss absorbing quality and no cushion of liquid assets, so the Basel Committee issued Basel III in 2010 with stricter definitions of capital, the capital conservation and countercyclical buffers, a leverage ratio and the two liquidity standards.

Common Equity Tier one is the purest form of going concern capital, able to absorb losses while the bank continues to trade, and it is made up of paid up equity capital, share premium, statutory reserves and retained earnings.

The Reserve Bank has deliberately set the Indian minimum one percentage point above the Basel figure, so Indian banks must maintain a capital to risk weighted assets ratio of nine per cent, of which Common Equity Tier one must be at least five and a half per cent and total…

The third pillar works through disclosure: a bank must publish enough about its risk profile, capital and risk management for depositors, investors and rating agencies to judge it, so that the market itself exerts pressure for prudent behaviour.

It was set up in 1974 by the central bank governors of the Group of Ten countries and has its secretariat at the Bank for International Settlements in Basel, Switzerland.

Ecowrap is the research report of the State Bank of India, brought out by its economic research department. Ecowrap is written by the team of the group chief economic adviser at SBI and comments on growth, inflation, bank credit, government finances and the state of households.

That section is the provision under which the Reserve Bank grants a licence to carry on banking business in India, and both differentiated categories are licensed under it; once the Reserve Bank is satisfied, they are also included in the second schedule of the Reserve Bank of India Act of…

It was launched on the first of September 2018, is wholly owned by the Government of India and operates under the Department of Posts, using the post office network and postal staff to reach customers, which makes it the payments bank with the widest physical reach in the country.

The Reserve Bank set up the Committee on Comprehensive Financial Services for Small Businesses and Low Income Households under Nachiket Mor in September 2013, and its report recommended differentiated bank licences, including payments banks, as a faster route to financial inclusion than waiting for full service banks to expand.

At least a quarter of the banking outlets of a small finance bank must be in unbanked rural centres, which the guidelines define as centres with a population of up to 9,999 according to the latest census, the same definition used for universal banks; the requirement exists so that a…

The guidelines require that at least half of a small finance bank's loan portfolio be made up of loans and advances of up to twenty five lakh rupees each, and the purpose is to keep the bank lending small even as it grows, so that it does not drift towards…

A small finance bank exists to serve small borrowers, and the guidelines enforce that purpose by requiring seventy five per cent of its adjusted net bank credit to go to the sectors eligible as priority sector lending, which include agriculture, micro and small enterprises, education, housing and weaker sections.

Since a payments bank cannot lend, the guidelines direct where its deposits must go: at least seventy five per cent of demand deposit balances must be invested in government securities and treasury bills eligible for the statutory liquidity ratio, with a maturity of up to one year, and not more…

The licence of a payments bank excludes credit altogether: it may not lend to anyone and may not issue credit cards, and this single prohibition is what separates it from every other kind of bank in India.

A payments bank may accept demand deposits, that is savings and current accounts, but the total balance of an individual customer with the bank cannot exceed two lakh rupees at the end of the day.

The Reserve Bank released the final guidelines for licensing both payments banks and small finance banks on the twenty seventh of November 2014, acting on the report of the Nachiket Mor Committee on Comprehensive Financial Services for Small Businesses and Low Income Households.