NDA GK Questions 2026

Nitinol is an alloy of roughly equal parts nickel and titanium, and even its name records this, being formed from nickel, titanium and the Naval Ordnance Laboratory where it was developed.

The Nano Mission, formally the Nano Science and Technology Mission, was launched in 2007 under the Department of Science and Technology, which had already been running the Nano Science and Technology Initiative since 2001, and the mission works on basic research, human resources, infrastructure and the transfer of results to…

Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov of the University of Manchester shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 for groundbreaking experiments on graphene, the single atom thick sheet of carbon they had lifted from graphite with ordinary adhesive tape.

The Japanese physicist Sumio Iijima, then at the NEC laboratory, reported multi walled carbon nanotubes in 1991 using a transmission electron microscope, and the date and the name are the facts asked.

Buckminsterfullerene, discovered in 1985, has sixty carbon atoms arranged in a closed cage of twenty hexagons and twelve pentagons, exactly the pattern of a stitched football, and the twelve pentagons are what allow a flat hexagonal sheet to curve into a closed ball.

The American physicist Richard Feynman delivered the talk There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom to the American Physical Society at Caltech in December 1959, in which he argued that there is no law of physics forbidding the manipulation of individual atoms, and the lecture is treated as the conceptual…

The Japanese engineer Norio Taniguchi used the word nanotechnology in 1974 to describe machining to tolerances of a nanometre, and that is the coinage examiners expect.

The prefix nano stands for ten raised to the power minus nine, so one nanometre is one billionth of a metre, which is also ten angstrom, and nanotechnology is defined as work in the band of one to one hundred nanometres.

The International Solar Alliance was launched jointly by India and France at the Paris climate conference on 30 November 2015 to bring together countries lying largely between the tropics, and its headquarters is at Gwal Pahari in Gurugram, Haryana.

Free hydrogen does not occur in any usable quantity on earth, so it has to be made from water or from a hydrocarbon by spending energy, and it then stores and delivers that energy elsewhere.

A fuel cell converts the chemical energy of hydrogen directly into electrical energy without combustion, so it is not bound by the efficiency limit of a heat engine.

SIGHT is the largest component of the mission, with an outlay of seventeen thousand four hundred ninety crore rupees, and it has two parts: incentives for manufacturing electrolysers in India and incentives for producing green hydrogen, both awarded through competitive bidding.

The MNRE is the nodal ministry for the mission, frames the guidelines for each of its components and notified the Green Hydrogen Standard for India in August 2023.

The mission aims to build a green hydrogen production capacity of at least five million metric tonnes a year by 2030, with the potential to rise further if an export market develops, and this is the single figure most often asked from the mission.

The Union Cabinet approved the National Green Hydrogen Mission on 4 January 2023 with this outlay, to be spent up to the financial year 2029-30 across incentives, hubs, pilot projects, research and skilling.

The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy notified the Green Hydrogen Standard for India in August 2023, fixing the limit at two kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent for each kilogram of hydrogen, averaged over twelve months, and covering the whole chain from water treatment through electrolysis, purification, drying and compression…

Blue hydrogen is made by the same fossil route as grey hydrogen, usually steam reforming of natural gas, but the carbon dioxide produced is captured and stored underground instead of being released, so its emissions are much lower though not zero.

Hydrogen is called green only when the electricity that splits the water comes from a renewable source such as solar or wind, so that no carbon dioxide is released in making it.

Diu, on the coast of Gujarat, was declared the first union territory in India to run entirely on solar power.

Abundant rainfall, warm temperatures and thick vegetation together supply the water, the heat and the organic acids that speed up solution, hydrolysis, hydration, carbonation and oxidation, so minerals are decomposed deeply.