Defence GK Questions 2026

The Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008, in force from 2 October 2009, provides for mobile village courts at the intermediate panchayat level presided over by a Nyayadhikari appointed by the State Government in consultation with the High Court, who holds the rank and draws the salary of a judicial magistrate of…

Under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 every award of a Lok Adalat is deemed to be a decree of a civil court, is final and binding on all the parties to the dispute, and no appeal lies against it in any court, because the award rests on the consent…

Under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 the National Legal Services Authority has the Chief Justice of India as its Patron-in-Chief, while a serving or retired judge of the Supreme Court, nominated by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice, is its Executive Chairman.

The first Lok Adalat was held in 1982 at Una in Junagadh district of Gujarat, as a camp for the settlement of disputes by conciliation long before any statute recognised it.

A seven-judge bench struck down Article 323A(2)(d) and Article 323B(3)(d) to the extent that they excluded the jurisdiction of the High Courts under Articles 226 and 227, held that judicial review by the High Courts and the Supreme Court is part of the basic structure, and ruled that tribunals are…

Parliament enacted the Administrative Tribunals Act in 1985 under the authority of Article 323A, and the Central Administrative Tribunal came into being on 1 November 1985 with its principal bench at New Delhi.

Article 323A empowers only Parliament to provide for the adjudication of disputes relating to recruitment and conditions of service of persons appointed to public services, and the tribunals it allows are limited to such service matters, with one tribunal for the Union and one for each State or for two…

Acting on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee, this amendment added a new Part XIV-A titled Tribunals, with Article 323A for administrative tribunals and Article 323B for tribunals on other matters.

Article 235 says that the control over district courts and courts subordinate to them, including the posting and promotion of, and the grant of leave to, persons belonging to the judicial service of a State, shall vest in the High Court.

It provides that appointments of persons to be, and the posting and promotion of, district judges in any State shall be made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to that State.

India has a single integrated judiciary arranged in three levels: the Supreme Court at the apex, the High Courts at the level of the States, and the subordinate or district courts below them.

The invasion exposed how weak the empire had become after Aurangzeb.

The Battle of Wandiwash, or Vandavasi in Tamil Nadu, was the decisive engagement of the Third Carnatic War, in which Sir Eyre Coote defeated Count de Lally in 1760.

On 14 January 1761 Ahmad Shah Abdali of Afghanistan, helped by Najib-ud-Daula and Shuja-ud-Daula, defeated the Maratha army commanded by Sadashivrao Bhau; the Peshwa's son Vishwasrao was killed, and the defeat destroyed Maratha hopes of replacing the Mughals at Delhi.

By the Treaty of Allahabad the next year the Company received the diwani, the right to collect revenue, in Bengal, Bihar and Odisha, and Clive built the system of dual government on it.

Bengal, the richest province of India, passed under the Company's political control.

In 1565 the allied Deccan sultanates of Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, Golconda and Bidar defeated the Vijayanagara army led by Rama Raya at Talikota, a battle also called Rakshasa-Tangadi or Bannihatti; the capital city of Vijayanagara, today's Hampi, was plundered and the empire never recovered.

Akbar was only about thirteen years old in 1556, and his regent Bairam Khan commanded the army that defeated Hemu, the able general of the Sur side who had captured Delhi and crowned himself Hemchandra Vikramaditya.

The following year Sher Shah defeated him again at Kannauj, also called Bilgram, and Humayun left India for about fifteen years while the Sur dynasty ruled Delhi.

Babur defeated and killed Ibrahim Lodi, the last Sultan of the Lodi dynasty, on the field of Panipat in 1526, using the tulughma flanking division and field guns served by Ustad Ali Quli and Mustafa Rumi, and founded the Mughal Empire.