Waste-to-Energy Under Swachh Bharat: Prayagraj to Gwalior

The correct answer is 343 tonnes. The plant in Uttar Pradesh takes in that quantity of organic waste each day and yields about twenty-one tonnes of bio-CNG, along with twenty-eight tonnes of good quality compost that goes to farmers nearby. Its multi-feedstock design accepts wet waste, paddy straw, cattle dung and poultry litter, which is what lets it give crop residue a paying use instead of leaving it to be burnt. Options A at 143 tonnes, B at 243 tonnes and D at 443 tonnes are near misses built by changing the leading digit, a trap that catches a candidate who remembers only the last two digits of the figure. Aspirants should also hold on to the linked numbers for this plant: daily wet-waste supply has risen from seven or eight tonnes to about 125 tonnes, piped gas is expected to reach roughly 45,000 households, and annual emissions are expected to fall by about 57,000 tonnes.

The correct answer is Gwalior, in Madhya Pradesh. Adarsh Gaushala stands at Laltipara and is the city's largest cowshed, home to more than ten thousand cattle. Its compressed bio-gas plant of 100 tonnes per day opened in October 2024, spread over five acres, cost 31 crore rupees and was developed with Indian Oil Corporation. It is also the state's first such plant designed to take vegetable and fruit waste from markets and homes along with dung, and it converts 100 tonnes of dung a day into two tonnes of gas and ten to fifteen tonnes of dry bio-manure. Option A, Bhopal, is the state capital but not the site. Option C, Indore, is widely known for cleanliness rankings, which is exactly why it tempts a guess here. Option D, Jabalpur, is another large city of the same state and has no link to this facility.

The correct answer is Hyderabad. At the Bowenpally Vegetable Market roughly ten tonnes of vegetable and fruit waste is collected each day, and since an on-site biogas plant came up almost all of it is used rather than sent to landfill. The plant makes about 400 to 500 units of electricity and 30 kg of biofuel daily, which run the streetlights, stalls, administrative building and water supply network, while the biofuel goes to the market's kitchen and to a generator that works wholly on biogas. The power bill has come down by about half from roughly three lakh rupees a month, and five more plants have been funded at Gudimalkapur, Gaddiannaram, Erragadda, Alwal and Saroornagar. Options A, B and D are large cities in other states and none of them was named for this model, so they only test whether the candidate has tied the market's name to the right city.

The correct answer is October 2014. Scientific management of municipal solid waste has been a core objective of the mission since that launch, and as the mission grew, organic waste came to be treated as a resource for clean energy rather than as rubbish. The waste-to-energy work described at Prayagraj, Gwalior, Hyderabad and Gandhinagar all falls under the urban arm of the mission in its second phase. Option B, August 2014, is close enough in the same year to catch a hasty reader, but it is the wrong month. Option C, October 2015, keeps the right month and moves the year by one, the commonest form of trap in date questions. Option D, April 2016, matches neither. A helpful anchor is that cleanliness is tied to the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, which falls on the second of October, so the month of the launch is easy to fix in memory.