UPSC GK Questions 2026

That instrument belonged to Chandrayaan 1, the lunar mission of 2008, and it was the one whose data confirmed water molecules on the Moon.

After a journey of about ten months the spacecraft fired its engine and was captured by the gravity of Mars on that day.

The Mars Orbiter Mission lifted off on 5 November 2013 on this flight of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle.

Chandrayaan 3 was deliberately built without one, because the orbiter of Chandrayaan 2 was still healthy in lunar orbit and could relay the lander's signals to the Earth.

The spot where the Vikram lander of Chandrayaan 3 touched down on 23 August 2023, in the high latitude region near the lunar south pole, was given this name shortly after the landing.

The Soviet Union was the first to place a craft gently on the lunar surface, the United States followed, and China became the third.

The Vikram lander of Chandrayaan 3 touched down safely in the high latitude region near the lunar south pole on that evening, and the rover Pragyan rolled out soon afterwards.

The lander is named Vikram after Vikram Sarabhai, the physicist who founded the Indian space programme and is called its father.

Chandrayaan 2 lifted off on 22 July 2019 on the heaviest Indian rocket then flying, the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark Three, which has since been renamed LVM3.

This imaging spectrometer, supplied by the United States space agency and flown on the Indian orbiter, measured how sunlight reflected from the lunar surface and found the absorption signature of water molecules and hydroxyl, especially towards the poles.

The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle in its extended configuration carried Chandrayaan 1 on 22 October 2008. The same family of rockets, in the C25 flight, later carried the Mars Orbiter Mission in 2013, which shows how much the Indian space programme achieved with a medium lift vehicle.

Chandrayaan 1 was launched on 22 October 2008 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota and reached lunar orbit within a fortnight.

The Reserve Bank opened at Calcutta in 1935 and moved its central office permanently to Bombay two years later, which is where the Governor sits and where policy is announced.

It makes the Reserve Bank the designated authority for the regulation and supervision of payment systems in India, so that no person may operate a payment system without its authorisation.

Since 1957 India has followed the Minimum Reserve System of note issue, under which the Reserve Bank must keep assets worth at least two hundred crore rupees against the notes in circulation, of which gold must be worth at least one hundred and fifteen crore rupees and the remainder may…

It is the classic central bank function: when a bank is solvent but short of cash and neither the market nor other banks will lend to it, the Reserve Bank lends against eligible securities so that a local shortage does not turn into a general panic and a run on…

The Committee was created by the amendment of the Reserve Bank of India Act in 2016.

The one rupee note is issued by the Government of India through the Ministry of Finance and carries the signature of the Finance Secretary, not of the Governor.

He was the first Governor of the Reserve Bank, taking charge when the Bank opened in 1935, and he had earlier been a managing governor of the Imperial Bank of India.

Formally the Royal Commission on Indian Currency and Finance, it reported in 1926 and recommended that the currency and credit functions then divided between the Government and the Imperial Bank be placed in a single central bank.