UPSC GK Questions 2026

In an optical fibre the glass core has a higher refractive index than the cladding around it, so light that meets the core-cladding boundary at an angle greater than the critical angle is reflected entirely back into the core instead of passing out, and it travels along the fibre in…

The International Telecommunication Union has adopted the framework recommendation for IMT-2030, which describes what 6G should achieve: terahertz and other very high frequency bands, latency below a millisecond, artificial intelligence built into the network, communication combined with sensing, satellite-extended coverage and better energy efficiency.

TRAI was set up under the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act, 1997, to regulate telecom services, fix tariffs and protect the interests of consumers once private operators entered the field.

The first mobile telephone call in India was made on 31 July 1995 between Kolkata and New Delhi, a year after the National Telecom Policy of 1994 opened mobile services to private operators.

The three categories actually defined are given in the other options.

Under IMT-2020 the peak downlink data rate for 5G is set at 20 gigabits a second, with 10 gigabits a second in the uplink; these are laboratory peaks under ideal conditions, not the speed a subscriber sees, and the separate target for the user experienced rate is 100 megabits a…

LTE is the radio technology through which 4G was delivered; the name was chosen because it was presented as the long-term evolution of the earlier 3G standards rather than a break with them.

The International Telecommunication Union names each generation of mobile telephony by a standard family, and 5G is IMT-2020, whose requirements include a peak downlink rate of 20 Gbps, a user experienced rate of 100 Mbps, one millisecond of air interface latency and a million connected devices in a square kilometre.

Commercial 5G services began in India on 1 October 2022, when they were launched at the India Mobile Congress in New Delhi, following the spectrum auction held earlier that year in the 600 MHz, 700 MHz, 3300 MHz and 26 GHz bands among others.

Roy Choudhury, a pupil of Abanindranath Tagore who became the first Indian principal of the Government School of Art at Madras, modelled Triumph of Labour, the group of four men straining at a rock that stands on the Marina beach at Chennai, and also the Martyrs' Memorial outside the Patna…

Maqbool Fida Husain, a founder member of the Progressive Artists' Group and often called the Picasso of India, made the short film Through the Eyes of a Painter, which took the Golden Bear for a short film at the Berlin festival in 1967; he later directed the feature Gaja Gamini.

Cholamandal Artists' Village was founded in 1966 on the coast south of Chennai by K. C. S. Paniker and other artists of the Madras art movement, and it is described as the first self-supporting artists' commune in India, where painters and sculptors lived together and sold batik and metalwork to…

The Lalit Kala Akademi, the national academy of art, was set up in 1954 at New Delhi, with the sculptor Devi Prasad Roy Choudhury as its first chairman; the National Gallery of Modern Art at Jaipur House in New Delhi dates from the same year.

Jamini Roy trained in the academic manner at the Government School of Art in Calcutta but abandoned it for the Kalighat pat, the cheap brush-drawn pictures sold to pilgrims near the Kalighat temple, and for Bengal scroll painting.

Sher-Gil was born in Budapest in 1913 to a Sikh father and a Hungarian mother and trained at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where Young Girls brought her early recognition at the Salon.

Raza, a founder member of the Progressive Artists' Group, moved to Paris, won the Prix de la critique there in 1956, and from the 1970s built his canvases around the Bindu, the black seed point from which, in his words, form and energy radiate, often combined with the triangle and…

The Progressive Artists' Group was founded in Bombay in 1947, the year of independence, by Francis Newton Souza, and its six members were Souza, M. F. Husain, S. H. Raza, K. H. Ara, H. A. Gade and the sculptor S. K. Bakre.

Baij worked at Kala Bhavana in Santiniketan and modelled Santhal Family in 1938 in cement and laterite in the open air, showing a Santhal couple with their child and dog moving house.

Nandalal Bose, who headed Kala Bhavana at Santiniketan, was asked to illuminate the handwritten Constitution, and he and his students painted the borders and the headings of its pages with scenes from Indian history, from the Indus seals to Gandhi's march.

He painted Bharat Mata in 1905, during the Swadeshi movement that followed the partition of Bengal, showing the motherland as a calm four-armed figure in saffron robes holding a book, sheaves of paddy, a piece of white cloth and a rudraksha garland, the four gifts of learning, food, clothing and…