Static general knowledge is six of the seven lines of the General Studies Paper-I syllabus in the UPSC CSE notice: History of India and the Indian National Movement; Indian and World Geography; Indian Polity and Governance; Economic and Social Development; Environmental Ecology, Bio-diversity and Climate Change; and General Science. The Commission tests understanding rather than recall, through statements to be judged correct or incorrect, pairs to be matched and assertion-reason items, and it likes the edges of a topic: a lesser-known provision of the Constitution, a river's tributary, a species' conservation status, the mandate of a statutory body. This page holds GK24's topic-wise GK notes for UPSC, written as short facts and tables, in English and Hindi, with each note linked to the current affairs and previous-year questions on the same topic. Start with Polity and Modern History, which carry the most questions, then Geography, the Economy, Environment, Ancient and Medieval culture and Science. Read a note, solve its PYQs, take its quiz, and come back to it in your monthly revision. A candidate who knows these notes and reads the daily current affairs has covered the syllabus the notice prescribes for Paper-I.
The average salinity of oceanic water is:
Every kilogram of sea water carries about 35 grams of dissolved salts, written as 35 parts per thousand, and roughly 27 of those grams are common salt, sodium chloride.
Read the full explanation →In which type of soil erosion, the soil matrix is lost but remains undetected for long period?
Sheet erosion peels a thin, even film of topsoil off a whole slope, leaving no channel or scar behind, so a farmer may not notice it for years while fertility quietly drains away.
Read the full explanation →Which of these organisations is taking part in the campaign along with the Department of Food and Public Distribution?
The Department said that its attached and subordinate offices and public sector undertakings are taking part, and it named the Food Corporation of India, the Central Warehousing Corporation and the Warehousing Development and Regulatory Authority among them.
Read the full explanation →What is the special focus of this edition of the Special Campaign in the Department of Food and Public Distribution?
The Department said that this year special focus is being given to electronic waste, along with the standing objectives of cleanliness, disposal of pending matters and better use of office space, and it identified a specific number of e-waste items for disposal during the preparatory phase.
Read the full explanation →Over which period will Special Campaign 6 for disposal of pending matters be carried out?
The Department of Food and Public Distribution stated that it is monitoring preparatory activities for the effective implementation of Special Campaign 6 during exactly this month-long window.
Read the full explanation →Sonitpur district, where the drive test was conducted, lies in which state?
The drive test was carried out across parts of Sonitpur district, which falls in the Assam Licensed Service Area, and it was supervised by the TRAI Regional Office at Kolkata.
Read the full explanation →Which body conducts the Independent Drive Test that assesses mobile network quality?
The purpose is to verify in real time the quality of voice and data services supplied by the telecom service providers, and to push those providers to improve.
Read the full explanation →Which operator recorded the highest average download speed in TRAI’s Sonitpur drive test?
The correct answer is Reliance Jio, whose average download speed on the tested routes was 221.18 Mbps, the highest of the four operators.
Read the full explanation →The Dehlawas sewage treatment plant, the largest in Rajasthan, is located in which city?
The Dehlawas plant was built over 22.50 hectares during 2020-23 and has the highest sewage treatment capacity in Rajasthan, at 215 MLD.
Read the full explanation →How much treatment capacity will the sewage treatment plant projects approved under SBM 2.0 add?
Projects approved under Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0 for setting up sewage treatment plants in small cities are expected to add exactly this much capacity, and the money behind them runs into several thousand crore rupees.
Read the full explanation →Which was the first city in India to receive the Water+ certification?
The city set out to keep untreated wastewater out of the environment altogether, and that approach made it the first to be given Water+ certification; today no untreated wastewater flows through its rivers or its natural and man-made stormwater drains.
Read the full explanation →Which research body was named as a bridge between technology development, validation and industry adoption?
Speaking at the event, H. D. Kumaraswamy underlined the role of institutions such as ARAI in bridging the gap between developing a technology, validating it and getting industry to adopt it, a role that fits naturally with the mobility focus of the supported technologies.
Read the full explanation →The MHI Industry Accelerator aimed to take supported technologies between which Technology Readiness Levels?
The objective of the grant-in-aid was to support the progression of ten technologies from Technology Readiness Level 3, an early stage where a concept has been proved in the laboratory, to Level 9, where a technology is proven in its operating environment and can be sold.
Read the full explanation →How much grant-in-aid did the MHI Industry Accelerator Programme provide for ten technologies?
The Accelerator Programme gave this amount as grant-in-aid for ten technologies, with the stated objective of moving them from Technology Readiness Level 3 to Level 9, that is, from an early laboratory stage to a product ready for the market.
Read the full explanation →Who delivered the inaugural address at the conference as Chief of the Naval Staff?
The correct answer is Admiral Krishna Swaminathan, the Chief of the Naval Staff, who opened the conference by reviewing the prevailing maritime security environment and the Indian Navy’s operational posture, and who underlined combat readiness, agility, responsiveness and faster technology absorption.
Read the full explanation →Which naval operation did the Raksha Mantri link to safeguarding India’s energy security?
Referring to the situation in West Asia, Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh highlighted the Navy’s conduct of this operation and its contribution to safeguarding India’s energy security, in an address that also stressed Aatmanirbharta, indigenous capability development and technology absorption.
Read the full explanation →Where was the second edition of the Naval Commanders’ Conference 2026 held?
The Ministry of Defence stated that the second edition of the conference commenced there, bringing together the senior leadership of the Indian Navy, including Operational and Area Commanders, for deliberations on operational preparedness, maritime security and future capability development.
Read the full explanation →Who became the first woman Chairperson of the Union Public Service Commission?
The correct answer is Rose Millian Bathew Kharbuli, who headed the Commission in 1992 and was the first woman to do so.
Read the full explanation →Which Part and Articles of the Constitution of India deal with the Union and State Public Service Commissions?
Dr B. R. Ambedkar moved these draft articles in the Constituent Assembly in 1949, and they became the constitutional charter of the Public Service Commissions.
Read the full explanation →In which year was the first Public Service Commission in India constituted?
India’s first Public Service Commission was constituted on 1 October 1926 as an advisory body, and the Commission therefore dates its own history from that year and completes a hundred years on 1 October 2026.
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