UPSC Civil Services GK Questions 2026

Bhilwara grew into the largest textile centre of Rajasthan on worsted yarn and suiting fabric, with spinning, weaving and processing units in one place, and it is therefore called the textile city of the state and sometimes its Manchester.

The survey counted 13,07,25,310 people, a figure higher than the census count of 2011 both because of twelve years of growth and because families whose members live and work outside Bihar were recorded.

The survey put the Extremely Backward Classes at 36.01 per cent of the population, the largest single group, followed by the Other Backward Classes at 27.12 per cent, the Scheduled Castes at 19.65 per cent, the unreserved castes at 15.52 per cent and the Scheduled Tribes at 1.68 per cent.

Rohtas district, with its headquarters at Sasaram, recorded the highest literacy rate among the districts of Bihar in 2011, a little above Patna, helped by its canal irrigated agriculture, its old towns and its schools.

Sheohar in north Bihar is the smallest district of the state by area, and almost all of that area is cultivated plain with closely spaced villages, so it recorded the highest number of persons per square kilometre in 2011, above the state figure of 1,106.

Sheikhpura, a small district carved out of Munger, had the smallest population of all the districts of Bihar in 2011, while Patna had the largest.

Bihar had 918 females for every 1,000 males in 2011, below the national figure, while its child sex ratio for ages nought to six was 935, which is better than the national child sex ratio.

Bihar grew by 25.42 per cent between the censuses of 2001 and 2011, the fastest among the large states of India, which is why its share in the population of the country keeps rising.

Bihar had a literacy rate of 61.80 per cent in 2011, the lowest of any state, with male literacy at 71.20 per cent and female literacy at 51.50 per cent, so barely half the women of the state were counted as literate.

Bihar recorded 1,106 persons per square kilometre in 2011, the highest of any state, because the alluvial plain of the Ganga is fertile, level and watered, and the state has very little forest or hill to thin the settlement.

Bihar had 10,40,99,452 people in 2011, about 10.41 crore, which placed it third after Uttar Pradesh with about 19.98 crore and Maharashtra with about 11.24 crore.

The gardens behind Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi were designed by Edwin Lutyens, who combined the Mughal charbagh plan of water channels and terraces with English flower beds and lawns, and they were long called the Mughal Gardens.

Nek Chand Saini, a roads inspector in Chandigarh, began building figures and courtyards out of broken tiles, bangles, sockets and other waste in a gorge near the Sukhna Lake, and the work he did largely alone became the Rock Garden, now one of the best known sights of the city.

Hyder Ali of Mysore began the Lalbagh garden at Bengaluru in the eighteenth century in the Mughal manner, and his son Tipu Sultan extended it and added trees and plants collected from many countries.

The garden at Shibpur in Howrah, across the Hooghly from Kolkata, was founded in 1787 by Colonel Robert Kyd of the East India Company and renamed after Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose.

Charbagh means four gardens, and the plan is a walled square or rectangle cut into four equal quarters by two axes that meet at the centre, where a tank, a platform or a tomb is placed.

Humayun's Tomb was begun in 1565 by his widow Bega Begum, also called Haji Begum, with the Persian architect Mirak Mirza Ghiyas, and it is the first tomb in the subcontinent set at the centre of a charbagh crossed by water channels.

The Pinjore garden lies at Pinjore in Panchkula district of Haryana, on the road from Chandigarh to Shimla, and is a seven terraced Mughal garden laid out by Fidai Khan, the foster brother of Aurangzeb.

Nishat Bagh was laid out about 1633 by Abul Hasan Asaf Khan, Nur Jahan's brother and the father of Mumtaz Mahal.

Jahangir built Shalimar Bagh above the Dal Lake in 1619 for his queen Nur Jahan, and it is the largest of the Mughal gardens of Kashmir, laid out in terraces with the Diwan-e-Aam, the Diwan-e-Khas and a zenana garden.