Railway GK Questions 2026

Harishena was the court poet and a high officer of Samudragupta, and he composed the Prayag Prashasti in ornate Sanskrit, partly in verse and partly in prose.

The first two members of the family, Sri Gupta and Ghatotkacha, used only the modest title Maharaja, which historians read as a sign that they were subordinate rulers.

Gupta gold coins were called dinaras, a name borrowed from the Roman denarius that had already reached India through trade and through Kushana coinage.

Gupta imperial rule is conventionally dated from about 320 CE, the epoch of the Gupta era that begins with the accession of Chandragupta I, and it faded out by about 550 CE after the Huna invasions.

Fiscal policy means the use of taxation, public expenditure and public borrowing to influence output, employment and prices, and all three instruments belong to the government and are given effect through the Union Budget.

It empowers the Lok Sabha to make a grant in advance, pending the completion of the procedure prescribed for voting the demands for grants and the passing of the Appropriation Act.

A policy cut motion asks that the amount of a demand be reduced to one rupee. The reduction is symbolic; the purpose is to record complete disapproval of the policy underlying the demand, and the member moving it may advocate an alternative policy.

The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act was passed by Parliament in 2003 and its rules were brought into force in 2004.

Primary deficit equals fiscal deficit minus interest payments. Interest is the cost of borrowings made in earlier years, so removing it leaves the borrowing that the present year's policies alone make necessary.

Fiscal deficit is total expenditure minus total receipts other than borrowings, which means it measures exactly how much the government must borrow during the year to meet its planned spending.

The Constitution nowhere uses the word budget. Article 112 requires the President to cause to be laid before both Houses of Parliament, in respect of every financial year, a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the Government of India, and this statement is called the Annual Financial Statement.

The Union Budget 2021-22 proposed raising the corpus of the Contingency Fund of India from five hundred crore rupees to thirty thousand crore rupees, and the change was carried through the Finance Bill of that year.

The budget estimate for the fiscal deficit of the central government in 2021-22 was placed at 6.8 per cent of gross domestic product.

It was the first union budget in India not to be printed.

A receipt is capital if it either creates a liability for the government or reduces an asset it holds.

The continental shelf is the gently sloping submerged edge of a continent, usually taken down to about two hundred metres.

Its southern end holds the Challenger Deep, the deepest surveyed point on earth at roughly eleven kilometres below sea level, deep enough to swallow Mount Everest with water to spare.

Sodium chloride makes up most of it, with magnesium, calcium and potassium salts making up the rest. Salinity varies with evaporation, rainfall, river inflow and the melting or freezing of ice, so the figure is an average rather than a fixed value.

The warm Gulf Stream moving north-east meets the cold Labrador current coming south past Newfoundland. Nutrients carried by the cold water mix with the warmer surface layer, plankton multiplies, and huge shoals of cod once gathered there.

It flows northward along the western coast of southern Africa, carrying cool water from the Southern Ocean towards the equator, and the upwelling along it makes the Namibian coast a rich fishing zone while helping to keep the Namib desert dry.