Railway GK Questions 2026

A lysosome is a membrane-bound sac of powerful digestive enzymes that breaks down worn-out organelles and any foreign particle the cell takes in; if the cell is damaged or starving, the sacs burst and the same enzymes digest the cell itself, which is why the name suicide bag is used.

Both carry a small circular DNA of their own and their own 70S ribosomes, so they make a part of their protein themselves and divide independently of the cell; this semi-autonomous nature is the main evidence for the view that they descend from free-living bacteria engulfed by an early cell.

In 1665 he cut a thin slice of cork, examined it under a microscope of his own making and saw rows of empty boxes, which he named cells after the small rooms of a monastery; the drawing and description appeared in his book Micrographia.

From that date the manufacture, import, stocking, distribution, sale and use of a listed set of single-use plastic articles became an offence across the country; the list covers earbuds with plastic sticks, plastic sticks for balloons and flags, candy and ice-cream sticks, thermocol used for decoration, plates, cups, glasses, cutlery…

The mission was launched on the 145th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, whose insistence on sanitation the campaign invokes, and it runs in two wings, one for urban areas and one for rural areas.

In pyrolysis the waste is heated to a high temperature in a closed chamber from which air is kept out, so the material does not burn but breaks into a liquid oil, a solid char and a combustible gas, all of which can be used as fuel or feedstock.

Vermicomposting uses earthworms, which swallow organic waste, grind it in their gizzard and pass it out as casts that are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, so the product is a finer and more nutritious manure than ordinary compost and is ready sooner.

The Basel Convention was adopted in 1989 to stop rich countries from shipping toxic and hazardous waste to poorer countries for cheap disposal, and it requires the prior informed consent of the receiving country before any such consignment moves.

Under this idea a producer, importer or brand owner stays answerable for its product after the consumer has finished with it, and must arrange to collect back and recycle an agreed quantity of packaging or equipment; the plastic waste, e-waste and battery waste rules all run on it.

In biomethanation, anaerobic bacteria break down organic matter inside a closed digester where no oxygen is present, and the gas they release is mainly methane, which is what makes biogas burn with a clean blue flame and gives it its fuel value.

Microplastics are plastic particles under five millimetres across, whether they were manufactured that small, as in cosmetic microbeads and synthetic textile fibres, or were formed when larger plastic articles weathered and broke up in sunlight and waves.

The yellow category covers human and animal anatomical waste, soiled waste such as dressings and cotton contaminated with blood, expired medicines and chemical waste, and this material is destroyed by incineration, plasma pyrolysis or deep burial; nothing from the yellow bin is recycled.

Biodegradable waste is waste that bacteria and fungi can break down into simpler substances within a short time, and kitchen waste such as vegetable peel is the classic example; it is exactly the wet fraction that Indian cities compost or send to a biogas digester.

SQL stands for Structured Query Language, and it is used to create tables, insert rows, update and delete data and, above all, to ask questions of a relational database with statements such as SELECT; it is called non-procedural because the programmer states what result is wanted and the database system…

He designed Python in the Netherlands and released the first version in 1991, choosing a syntax with indentation instead of braces so that programs would be easy to read; the name comes from a television comedy series and not from the snake.

HyperText Markup Language uses tags to describe how the content of a web page is arranged, such as headings, paragraphs, lists, tables and images, but it has no variables, no conditions and no loops, so it cannot express logic or take decisions; for that reason it is called a markup…

Machine language is the only language the processor understands directly, because each instruction is a pattern of electrical states that is written as a string of zeros and ones; a program in machine language therefore needs no translation and runs fastest, but it is tied to one processor and is…

The correct answer is B, all of the options, because each of the other three statements is a genuine rule of the language and the question asks which of them apply.

Java has exactly eight primitive data types, namely byte, short, int, long, float, double, char and boolean, and long double is not among them; it belongs to C and C++, where it denotes an extended precision floating point number, so the option is a deliberate trap for candidates who have…

An interpreter reads one statement of the source program, translates it and executes it immediately before moving to the next, so it stops at the first error it meets and tells the programmer about that error alone; this makes it convenient for learning and for testing small pieces of code…