Railway GK Questions 2026

The 29th International Symposium on Electronic Theses and Dissertations, shortened to ETD-2026, was held at the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi from 23 to 25 October 2026, and the Digital India BHASHINI Division took part in it with a session on its multilingual artificial intelligence tools.

The name comes from the Greek words for naked and seed: gymnosperms bear seeds that are not enclosed in a fruit, and most of them are woody, evergreen trees.

Clean sand is made almost entirely of quartz, which is silica or silicon dioxide, and silica is the main ingredient of glass.

A magnetic field pushes a moving charge sideways, and the push on a negative charge is opposite to that on a positive one, so the two kinds bend away from each other.

In rusting, iron combines with oxygen in the presence of water to form hydrated iron oxide, and the addition of oxygen is oxidation.

When muscles run short of oxygen, the pyruvate formed from glucose is converted into lactic acid instead of being broken down fully.

Water gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, made by passing steam over red-hot coke. The reaction is C + H2O → CO + H2, carried out at about 1,000 degrees Celsius.

At the boiling point, water turns into vapour inside the liquid itself, and these pockets of steam are the bubbles that rise and burst at the surface.

Light travels fastest in vacuum and almost as fast in air, so in any material medium it moves more slowly than in air, and the ratio of the two speeds is greater than one.

Power is the reciprocal of focal length in metres, and 50 cm is 0.5 m, so the power is 1 divided by 0.5, which is +2 dioptre.

In the light reaction of photosynthesis, water is broken up; its hydrogen is used to make food and its oxygen is given out.

Sulphur vapour turns straight into solid sulphur on the cooler rocks without first becoming a liquid, and a direct change from gas to solid is called deposition.

Almost all the world's ammonia is made by combining nitrogen and hydrogen directly in this process. In the Haber-Bosch process, nitrogen from the air and hydrogen, usually obtained from natural gas, are made to react in the ratio 1 to 3.

Nitrogen has five electrons in its outer shell and needs three more to complete an octet, so its valency is 3.

Breaking lead nitrate into lead oxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxygen needs a steady supply of heat, so the reaction absorbs energy and is endothermic.

The commission asked the district administrations to strengthen coordination between farmers, Custom Hiring Centres, machinery providers and other stakeholders so that farmers can obtain residue management solutions without waiting.

The commission emphasised this route and further directed that sector-wise nodal officers be made responsible for the actual use of stubble by their sectors and for monitoring and reporting compliance regularly.

Both Amritsar and Tarn Taran are districts of Punjab, and the commission's team held its review meeting with their Deputy Commissioners and other concerned officers.

The meeting took stock of the arrangements for comprehensive paddy stubble management and of the measures needed to end the burning of residue.

The Secretary of the Department of Urban Development listed the Urban Challenge Fund of that size among recent initiatives and reforms, along with reforms under the SASCI scheme.