With reference to the scholars/litterateurs of ancient India, consider the following statements: 1. Panini is associated with Pushyamitra Shunga. 2. Amarasimha is associated with Harshavardhana. 3. Kalidasa is associated with Chandra Gupta - II. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A.1 and 2 only
- B.2 and 3 only
- C.3 only
- D.1, 2 and 3
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, 3 only. Only the third pairing is right: Kalidasa is traditionally placed at the court of Chandragupta II Vikramaditya.
Tradition counts Kalidasa, author of Abhijnanashakuntalam, Meghaduta and Raghuvamsha, among the nine gems (navaratnas) of King Vikramaditya, identified with the Gupta ruler Chandragupta II of the late fourth and early fifth century CE.
Statement 1 is wrong: Panini, the grammarian of the Ashtadhyayi, lived around the fifth or fourth century BCE, long before the Shungas. The scholar linked with Pushyamitra Shunga is Patanjali, who wrote the Mahabhashya on Panini's grammar.
Statement 2 is wrong: Amarasimha, author of the Sanskrit thesaurus Amarakosha, is also listed among the navaratnas of Chandragupta II, not of Harshavardhana, whose court poet was Banabhatta.
So A, B and D, which include statement 1 or 2, are wrong.
Exam tip: Patanjali – Pushyamitra Shunga; Kalidasa and Amarasimha – Chandragupta II; Banabhatta – Harsha.
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