Who among the following founded the religion Din-i-Ilahi?

The correct answer is C, 1945. The last election to the Central Legislative Assembly set up under the Government of India Act of 1919 was held in the winter of 1945, after the Second World War ended and the Labour government in Britain moved towards a settlement with Indian leaders. The Congress won almost all the general seats and the Muslim League almost all the seats reserved for Muslims, and that verdict shaped the negotiations of 1946, the Cabinet Mission plan and the Constituent Assembly chosen by the provincial legislatures. The Act of 1935 reorganised the provinces, but the central legislature kept working under the 1919 Act until independence. A is wrong because no central election was held in 1930, the year of the Civil Disobedience Movement. B is wrong because the election of 1934 was the previous one, not the last. D is wrong because 1947 brought independence with no fresh central election. Exam tip: link the 1945-46 elections with the sharp communal division before Partition.

The correct answer is B, Minto-Morley Reforms, 1909. The Indian Councils Act of 1909, known as the Morley-Minto Reforms, introduced separate electorates for Muslims and so gave communal representation legal shape for the first time in British India. Muslim voters elected their own members from separate constituencies, which is why Lord Minto is often called the father of communal electorates. The Act also enlarged the legislative councils and allowed Indians into the executive councils, Satyendra Prasad Sinha becoming the first Indian member of the Viceroy's Executive Council. A is wrong because the Act of 1892 only enlarged the councils and allowed a limited, indirect form of election. C is wrong because the Reforms of 1919 extended separate electorates to Sikhs, Christians, Anglo-Indians and Europeans but did not begin them. D is wrong because the Act of 1935 widened them further, to depressed classes, women and labour. Exam tip: pair 1909 with separate electorates and Minto, and 1919 with dyarchy in the provinces.

The correct answer is D, Guru Angad. Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, chose his devoted follower Bhai Lehna as his successor and gave him the name Guru Angad, setting aside the claim of his own sons. Guru Angad became the second Sikh Guru in 1539 and is remembered for giving the Gurmukhi script its present form, the script in which the Sikh scriptures were later written, and for spreading the langar, the free community kitchen. A is wrong because Guru Ram Das was the fourth Guru and is known for founding the city of Amritsar. B is wrong because Guru Amar Das was the third Guru, who came after Guru Angad and not straight after Guru Nanak. C is wrong because Guru Har Rai was the seventh Guru, of a much later period. Exam tip: fix the first three in order - Nanak, Angad, Amar Das - and link Guru Angad with the Gurmukhi script.

The correct answer is A, Tinkathia system. Under the Tinkathia system the indigo planters of Champaran forced every tenant to grow indigo on three kathas out of every twenty kathas of his holding. Gandhi reached Champaran in Bihar in 1917 at the request of the local cultivator Raj Kumar Shukla, and this became his first satyagraha on Indian soil. The government set up an enquiry committee with Gandhi as a member, and the Champaran Agrarian Act of 1918 ended the Tinkathia system and returned part of the illegal dues to the peasants. B is wrong because the Ryotwari system was a land revenue settlement made directly with the cultivator, mainly in Madras and Bombay. C is wrong because slash and burn is a method of shifting cultivation, not an indigo obligation. D is wrong because the Mahalwari system settled revenue with the whole village, chiefly in the North-Western Provinces and Punjab. Exam tip: pair Champaran 1917 with indigo and the Tinkathia system.

The correct answer is A, Tughlaq. Ghazi Malik was the title of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, who founded the Tughlaq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate in 1320. He was governor of Dipalpur under the Khiljis and won the throne by defeating Khusrau Khan, the usurper who had ended Khilji rule. He built the fortified city of Tughlaqabad near Delhi, and in 1325 his son Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq succeeded him. The dynasty ruled till 1414, and its best known rulers were Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq and Firoz Shah Tughlaq. B is wrong because the Khilji dynasty was founded by Jalaluddin Khilji in 1290 and its strongest ruler was Alauddin Khilji. C is wrong because the Sayyid dynasty was founded by Khizr Khan in 1414, after the Tughlaqs. D is wrong because the Lodi dynasty was founded by Bahlul Lodi in 1451 and was the last dynasty of the Sultanate. Exam tip: keep the order of the five Delhi Sultanate dynasties ready - Slave, Khilji, Tughlaq, Sayyid, Lodi.