Who among the following created the first All India Trade Union Congress in 1920?
- A.B. P. Wadia
- B.S. A. Dange
- C.N. M. Joshi
- D.B. T. Ranadive
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, N. M. Joshi. Narayan Malhar Joshi was the main organiser behind the founding of the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) in Bombay in October 1920.
The AITUC was India's first national federation of trade unions. Lala Lajpat Rai was elected its first president, with Joseph Baptista as vice-president and Diwan Chaman Lall as general secretary, while N. M. Joshi did much of the work of bringing the unions together and later served as its general secretary. Joshi had founded the Social Service League in 1911, represented Indian workers at the International Labour Organization, and later led the moderates who left to form the Indian Trade Union Federation in 1929.
Option A is wrong because B. P. Wadia founded the Madras Labour Union in 1918, one of India's first organised unions. Option B is wrong because S. A. Dange, a communist leader, became prominent in the AITUC later. Option D is wrong because B. T. Ranadive belonged to a later generation of communist leaders.
Exam tip: AITUC, Bombay, 1920; first president Lala Lajpat Rai; key organiser N. M. Joshi; Madras Labour Union 1918, B. P. Wadia.
Practice Questions
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