Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched? (Bhakti Saint : Philosophy)
- A.Shankara : Avadhuta
- B.Ramananda : Kevaladvaita
- C.Ramanuja : Vishishtadvaita
- D.Chaitanya : Advaita
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, Ramanuja : Vishishtadvaita. Ramanuja, the eleventh-twelfth century teacher of Sriperumbudur, taught Vishishtadvaita or qualified non-dualism.
Vishishtadvaita holds that Brahman is the only reality, but souls and matter are real parts of Brahman, as the body is to the soul, and that devotion to Vishnu leads to liberation. Ramanuja's ideas gave a philosophical base to the bhakti movement, and the Sri Vaishnava tradition grew from them. Later, Ramananda carried this bhakti of Rama to northern India.
A is wrong because Shankara, of the eighth century, taught Advaita, pure non-dualism, also called Kevaladvaita. B is wrong because Ramananda belonged to Ramanuja's line of devotion to Rama, not to Shankara's Kevaladvaita. D is wrong because Chaitanya Mahaprabhu of Bengal is linked with Achintya Bhedabheda, inconceivable oneness and difference, and Krishna bhakti, not with Advaita.
Exam tip: Shankara Advaita, Ramanuja Vishishtadvaita, Madhva Dvaita, Nimbarka Dvaitadvaita, Vallabha Shuddhadvaita, Chaitanya Achintya Bhedabheda.
Practice Questions
View allWhere did the French East India Company first establish its factory in India?
- A.Calicut
- B.Surat
- C.Pondicherry
- D.Masulipatnam
Show answer
The French set up their first factory in India at Surat in 1668, under François Caron. The French East India Company was founded in 1664 under the patronage of King Louis XIV and his minister Colbert, making it the last of the major European companies to reach India.
Read the full explanation →The treaty of Schonbrunn (1809) was signed after which one of the following battles ?
- A.Battle of Austerlitz
- B.Battle of Tilsit
- C.Battle of Wagram
- D.Battle of Lisbon
Show answer
Napoleon defeated Austria at Wagram near Vienna in July 1809, and Austria signed the Treaty of Schönbrunn in October 1809.
Read the full explanation →The 13th Century text Lekhapaddhati gives us information on which one of the following topics?
- A.Art of writing
- B.Essay writing
- C.Legal document
- D.Epigraphic style
Show answer
The Lekhapaddhati is a collection of model legal and administrative documents from Gujarat, compiled around the thirteenth century. The text gives sample forms of documents that scribes used: land grants, sale deeds, loan bonds, mortgage papers, treaties between kings, and letters of appointment.
Read the full explanation →Which one of the following texts is a commentary written by Chakrapanidatta (11th Century CE from Bengal) on the Sushrut Samhita ?
- A.Sabdachandrika
- B.Bhanumati
- C.Nitiratnakara
- D.Lohasarvasava
Show answer
Bhanumati is Chakrapanidatta's commentary on the Sushruta Samhita, the classical Indian text on surgery. Chakrapanidatta was a physician of eleventh-century Bengal, in the time of the Pala kings.
Read the full explanation →Who among the following advocated the construction of initial railways in India for facilitating army movement?
- A.Lord Dalhousie
- B.Lord Lytton
- C.Winston Churchill
- D.Lord Wellesley
Show answer
In his famous Railway Minute of 1853, Governor-General Lord Dalhousie argued for a network of trunk railway lines, stressing their value for moving troops quickly.
Read the full explanation →