Which one of the following groups belongs to the same school of thought?
- A.J. J. Rousseau, M. Robespierre, N. Bonaparte, O. Cromwell
- B.T. Jefferson, J. Madison, G. Washington, Abraham Lincoln
- C.F. Engels, K. Marx, M. Bakunin, J. S. Mill
- D.Georgi Plekhanov, Vera Zasulich, Alexandra Kollontai, V. I. Lenin
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is D, Georgi Plekhanov, Vera Zasulich, Alexandra Kollontai, V. I. Lenin. All four were Russian Marxists, so they belong to one school of thought.
Plekhanov is called the father of Russian Marxism; in 1883 he founded the Emancipation of Labour group in Geneva with Vera Zasulich, who had begun as a populist revolutionary. Both later worked with Lenin on the newspaper Iskra. Lenin led the Bolsheviks to power in the October Revolution of 1917, and Alexandra Kollontai, a Marxist feminist, served in his government as People's Commissar for Social Welfare. They split over tactics, but all shared Marxist ideas.
A is wrong because it mixes a philosopher (Rousseau), a French revolutionary (Robespierre), an emperor (Napoleon) and the English Puritan leader Cromwell. B is wrong because these American leaders held different views; Jefferson and Madison opposed the Federalists, and Lincoln led the later Republican Party. C is wrong because Bakunin was an anarchist who quarrelled with Marx, and J. S. Mill was a liberal.
Exam tip: Plekhanov = father of Russian Marxism; Bakunin = anarchism; J. S. Mill = liberalism.
Practice Questions
View allThe ancient Indian medical treatise for horses called Ashvashastra is attributed to which one of the following persons?
- A.Vagbhatta of the seventh century
- B.The sage Shalihotra
- C.Bhartrihari of the seventh century
- D.Varahamihira of the sixth century
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Indian tradition credits Shalihotra with the science of horses, and veterinary medicine for horses came to be called Shalihotra Shastra after him.
Read the full explanation →Consider the following statements with reference to Jainism: 1. Vardhamana Mahavira attained Kaivalyajnana outside the town of Jrimbhikagrama, on the banks of river Rijupalika and in the field of a householder named Samaga. 2. The state when the Karma particles actually begin to flow towards the Jiva to bind it is known as Asrava. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A.1 only
- B.2 only
- C.Both 1 and 2
- D.Neither 1 nor 2
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Both statements match the Jaina tradition: the place of Mahavira's enlightenment and the meaning of asrava. Mahavira left home at about thirty and spent some twelve years in hard penance.
Read the full explanation →Arrange the following foreign travellers to India in chronological order, beginning with the earliest : 1. Peter Mundy 2. Antonio Monserrate 3. Afanasii Nikitich Nikitin 4. Ibn Battuta Select the answer using the code given below:
- A.2-1-4-3
- B.2-3-4-1
- C.4-3-2-1
- D.3-4-1-2
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Ibn Battuta came in the 14th century, Nikitin in the 15th, Monserrate in the 16th and Peter Mundy in the 17th.
Read the full explanation →During the Industrial Revolution, who among the following designed the 'flying shuttle loom'?
- A.Samuel Crompton
- B.Edmund Cartwright
- C.John Kay
- D.Richard Arkwright
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John Kay, an English inventor, patented the flying shuttle in 1733, one of the first machines of the Industrial Revolution.
Read the full explanation →In the Harappan Civilization, traces of canals have been found at
- A.Banawali
- B.Lothal
- C.Shortughai
- D.Dholavira
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Shortughai, a Harappan trading settlement in north-eastern Afghanistan, is the site where traces of irrigation canals have been found. Most Harappan farmers relied on river floods and wells, and no canals have been found in the Indus heartland.
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