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GeographyEasyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2026, GK

Which one among the following statements correctly defines the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)?

  1. A.IMR is the average number of infants born to a woman over her lifetime.
  2. B.IMR is the average number of infants born in a year per 1000 deaths before attaining one year of age.
  3. C.IMR is the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1000 live births in a year.
  4. D.IMR is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per year.

Correct answer

C. IMR is the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1000 live births in a year.

Explanation

The correct answer is C, the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1000 live births in a year. IMR is a rate, so it compares infant deaths with live births in the same year.

An infant is a child who has not yet completed one year of life. To find the IMR, the deaths of such children in a year are divided by the live births of that year and multiplied by 1000. In India the figure is published by the Sample Registration System of the Registrar General. IMR is one of the best single measures of a country's health care, nutrition and sanitation, and it is used in the Human Development and SDG reports.

A is wrong because it describes the Total Fertility Rate. B is wrong because it turns the ratio upside down, putting births over deaths. D is wrong because a bare count of deaths without relating it to 1000 live births is not a rate.

Exam tip: IMR = infant deaths (under 1 year) per 1000 live births; TFR = children per woman in her lifetime.

Practice Questions

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Q1.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2018, GKHard

Which one of the following is applicable to collision-coalescence process of precipitation?

  1. A.Clouds which do not extend beyond the freezing level
  2. B.Clouds which extend beyond the freezing level
  3. C.All types of clouds
  4. D.Cirrocumulus cloud
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Clouds which do not extend beyond the freezing level

Collision-coalescence is the way rain forms in warm clouds, whose tops stay below the level where water freezes. In such clouds all droplets are liquid.

Q2.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2024, GKEasy

Identify the type of drainage pattern on the basis of the given characteristics :

1. It represents the most common pattern of streams and their tributaries

2. It occurs in areas of uniform rock type and regular slope

3. A map, or aerial photograph, shows a pattern like the veins on a leaf— smaller streams join the main stream at an acute angle

Select the correct answer.

  1. A.Dendritic
  2. B.Radial
  3. C.Trellis
  4. D.Centripetal
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Dendritic

A pattern that looks like the branches of a tree or the veins of a leaf, formed on uniform rock with a regular slope, is dendritic.

Q3.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-II 2024, GKEasy

The Research Design and Standards Organization is the R&D wing of which one of the following organizations ?

  1. A.Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
  2. B.Indian Space Research Organization
  3. C.Indian Railways
  4. D.Defence Research and Development Organization
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Indian Railways

The Research Design and Standards Organisation (RDSO) is the sole research and development wing of the Ministry of Railways. RDSO is headquartered at Lucknow.