Which of the following was/were founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy? 1. Atmiya Sabha 2. Brahmo Samaj 3. Prarthana Samaj 4. Arya Samaj Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- A.1, 2 and 3
- B.2 only
- C.1 and 2 only
- D.1, 3 and 4
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, 1 and 2 only. Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Atmiya Sabha in 1815 and the Brahmo Sabha, later the Brahmo Samaj, in 1828.
The Atmiya Sabha, set up in Calcutta, was a circle of friends who met to discuss the worship of one God and to argue against idolatry and caste rigidity. The Brahmo Sabha grew out of it in August 1828 and came to be called the Brahmo Samaj. Roy also campaigned against sati, which Lord William Bentinck banned in 1829, and he is called the father of the Indian Renaissance. The Mughal emperor Akbar II gave him the title "Raja".
A is wrong: the Prarthana Samaj was founded in Bombay in 1867 by Atmaram Pandurang, with the help of Keshab Chandra Sen. B is wrong: it leaves out the Atmiya Sabha, which Roy also founded. D is wrong: the Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in Bombay in 1875.
Exam tip: Atmiya Sabha 1815, Brahmo Sabha 1828 (Ram Mohan Roy); Prarthana Samaj 1867 (Atmaram Pandurang); Arya Samaj 1875 (Dayanand).
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