Which of the following statements is/are correct ? 1. During the Second Round Table Conference held in London in 1931, the British Government refused to accept the basic nationalist demand for freedom. 2. India was granted dominion status in 1932. 3. Viceroy Lord Willingdon adopted a policy of reconciliation with Congress. 4. The Civil Disobedience Movement was started with the breaking of salt laws. Select the answer using the code given below :
- A.2 and 3 only
- B.4 only
- C.1 and 4 only
- D.1, 2 and 4
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, 1 and 4 only. Statements 1 and 4 are true, while 2 and 3 are false.
After the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of March 1931, Gandhi attended the Second Round Table Conference in London (September to December 1931) as the sole Congress representative. The British government would not concede freedom or even dominion status, and the talks stalled on the minorities question, so Gandhi returned empty-handed. The Civil Disobedience Movement itself had begun when Gandhi broke the salt law at Dandi on 6 April 1930. Statement 2 is false because India never received dominion status in 1932; it became a dominion only on 15 August 1947. Statement 3 is false because Lord Willingdon, Viceroy from 1931 to 1936, chose repression: Gandhi was arrested in January 1932 and the Congress was banned.
A and D are wrong because they include the false statement 2. B is wrong because it leaves out statement 1, which is true.
Exam tip: Dandi salt law broken 6 April 1930, Gandhi-Irwin Pact March 1931, Second RTC late 1931, Willingdon's crackdown January 1932.
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