Which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched ? 1. Malaria : Mycobacterium 2. TB : Plasmodium Select the answer using the code given below:
- A.1 only
- B.2 only
- C.Both 1 and 2
- D.Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is D, Neither 1 nor 2. The two pathogens have been swapped: malaria is caused by Plasmodium and TB by Mycobacterium, so both pairs are wrong.
Malaria is caused by Plasmodium, a single-celled protozoan parasite carried by the female Anopheles mosquito; it multiplies in the liver and red blood cells and causes fever with chills. Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, discovered by Robert Koch in 1882; it spreads through droplets in the air when a patient coughs, and mostly affects the lungs. The BCG vaccine, given to newborns in India, protects children against severe forms of TB, and World TB Day, 24 March, marks the date of Koch's discovery.
A is wrong because malaria is not caused by Mycobacterium. B is wrong because TB is not caused by Plasmodium. C is wrong because neither pair is correct.
Exam tip: malaria, Plasmodium (protozoan); TB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (bacterium); leprosy, Mycobacterium leprae.
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