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Indian HistoryMedium

Which Greek pilot is credited with using the south west monsoon winds to sail directly across the Arabian Sea to India?

  1. A.Megasthenes
  2. B.Hippalus
  3. C.Ptolemy
  4. D.Nearchus

Correct answer

B. Hippalus

Explanation

The correct answer is B, Hippalus. Around the middle of the first century of the Christian era this pilot is said to have worked out the rhythm of the south west monsoon, after which ships ran straight from the mouth of the Red Sea to the Malabar coast instead of hugging the shore, cutting the voyage to roughly forty days and setting off the boom in Indo-Roman trade; the wind itself was named after him in Greek accounts. Option A is wrong because Megasthenes was the Seleucid ambassador at the court of Chandragupta Maurya and wrote the Indica. Option C is wrong because Ptolemy, of the second century, was the geographer who mapped the ports rather than a sailor. Option D is wrong because Nearchus commanded the fleet of Alexander down the Indus and along the Makran coast, three centuries earlier. The name Hippalus goes with monsoon and with the Periplus.

Read the full article: Ancient Ports of India and Maritime Trade: Exam Notes

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Q3.Indian HistoryMedium

The ancient port of Muziris, the chief pepper market of the Indo-Roman trade, lay on the coast of which present day state?

  1. A.Tamil Nadu
  2. B.Karnataka
  3. C.Kerala
  4. D.Andhra Pradesh
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Kerala

Muziris, called Muchiri in Tamil sources, stood near Kodungallur on the Periyar, and the excavations at Pattanam in Ernakulam district have yielded Roman amphora sherds, glass beads and brick structures that fit its description in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea.