The word robot was first used in a play written by whom?

The correct answer is D, automation. Automation is the technology in which mechanical parts, electronics and computer based control are put together so that a process is controlled and operated with little human help, which is exactly the description in the question. Option A is wrong because a PLC, the programmable logic controller, is only one device used in automation, the controller that reads inputs and switches outputs; it is a part and not the technology as a whole. Option B is wrong because a sequential controller is a still narrower idea, a controller that steps through operations in a fixed order. Option C is wrong because microprocessor based systems name the computing hardware, which may be used in automation or in any other electronic product. Remember that the broad term is automation and the devices inside it are the PLC, SCADA and CNC.

The correct answer is B, Isaac Asimov. Asimov set out the three laws in his science fiction, by which a robot may not harm a human being, must obey the orders given by human beings except where that conflicts with the first law, and must protect itself except where that conflicts with the first two laws; he also coined the word robotics. Option A is wrong because Arthur C. Clarke is remembered for the idea of the geostationary communication satellite and for his own fiction. Option C is wrong because H. G. Wells wrote earlier scientific romances such as The Time Machine. Option D is wrong because Jules Verne wrote of submarines and journeys long before the robot was imagined. The order of the three laws is itself asked, so learn it.

The correct answer is A, up to 250 grams. The rules class drones by all up weight, which includes the battery and the payload, and the nano class is the smallest, up to 250 grams, which is why the lightest toy and camera drones fall in it and are treated most lightly by the law. Option B is wrong because above 250 grams and up to 2 kilograms is the micro class. Option C is wrong because above 2 kilograms and up to 25 kilograms is the small class, which is the usual size for survey and spraying drones. Option D is wrong because above 25 kilograms and up to 150 kilograms is the medium class, and anything heavier is large. Learn the ladder as 250 grams, 2, 25 and 150 kilograms.

The correct answer is A, Digital Sky. Digital Sky is the online platform of the Directorate General of Civil Aviation on which a drone is registered and given its unique identification number, on which the airspace map with its green, yellow and red zones is published, and through which flight permissions are sought. Option B is wrong because Bhuvan is the geoportal of ISRO, which serves satellite imagery and maps. Option C is wrong because DigiLocker is the government service for keeping and sharing personal documents such as mark sheets and licences. Option D is wrong because UMANG is the single mobile application for many government services. Fix Digital Sky with the Drone Rules of 2021 and the Ministry of Civil Aviation. Papers also ask which ministry notified the Drone Rules, and the answer is the Ministry of Civil Aviation.

The correct answer is B, unmanned aerial vehicle. A UAV is an aircraft with no pilot on board, flown either by a remote pilot or by its own programme, and when it is counted together with its ground control station and the radio link between them the whole is called an unmanned aircraft system. Option A is wrong because universal air vehicle is not a term used in aviation. Option C is wrong because avionics is the name for the electronic systems of an aircraft, and no vehicle class is named after it. Option D is wrong because upper atmosphere vehicle is not a standard expression either, though high altitude pseudo satellites do fly in the stratosphere. For the exam, pair UAV with drone and UAS with the whole system.