The United Nations Environment Programme was established following which conference?
- A.The Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment, 1972
- B.The Rio Earth Summit, 1992
- C.The Johannesburg Summit, 2002
- D.The Kyoto Conference, 1997
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is A, the Stockholm Conference of 1972. The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment met at Stockholm in June 1972 and was the first global gathering to treat the environment as a subject of international policy. The United Nations Environment Programme was created later the same year as a direct result, with its headquarters at Nairobi in Kenya, the first such body to be based in a developing country. The fifth of June is observed as World Environment Day in memory of the conference.
Option B, the Rio Earth Summit of 1992, produced Agenda 21 and two conventions but not UNEP, which already existed and helped organise it. Option C, the Johannesburg Summit of 2002, reviewed progress ten years after Rio. Option D, the Kyoto Conference of 1997, was a meeting of the parties to the climate convention and created a protocol, not an agency.
Read the full article: International Environmental Conventions: Treaties and PYQs
Practice Questions
View allRamsar Convention is related to
- A.Climate change
- B.Pesticide pollution
- C.Ozone layer depletion
- D.Wetland conservation
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The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance was signed in 1971 in the Iranian city of Ramsar and came into force in 1975.
Read the full explanation →Which one of the following statements best describes the 'Polar Code'?
- A.It is the international code of safety for ships operating in polar waters.
- B.It is the agreement of the countries around the North Pole regarding the demarcation of their territories in the polar region.
- C.It is a set of norms to be followed by the countries whose scientists undertake research studies in the North Pole and South Pole.
- D.It is a trade and security agreement of the member countries of the Arctic Council.
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The Polar Code is the International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters, adopted by the International Maritime Organization and in force since the beginning of 2017.
Read the full explanation →Which declaration was signed at UNCED 1992 at Rio De Janeiro, Brazil?
- A.Agenda 39
- B.Agenda 19
- C.Agenda 22
- D.Agenda 21
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The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, popularly called the Earth Summit, met at Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and adopted Agenda 21, a detailed non-binding programme of action for sustainable development.
Read the full explanation →The Montreal Protocol, adopted in 1987, deals with:
- A.Substances that deplete the ozone layer
- B.Transboundary movement of hazardous waste
- C.Conservation of migratory species
- D.Trade in endangered species
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The Montreal Protocol was adopted in 1987 under the Vienna Convention of 1985 and entered into force in 1989. It fixed timetables for phasing out chlorofluorocarbons, halons, carbon tetrachloride and other ozone depleting chemicals, with later deadlines for developing countries.
Read the full explanation →International trade in endangered species of wild animals and plants is regulated by which convention?
- A.Ramsar Convention
- B.CITES
- C.Basel Convention
- D.Rotterdam Convention
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It was agreed at Washington in 1973 and came into force in 1975.
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