The Self-Respect Movement was initiated by
- A.B.R. Ambedkar
- B.Jyotiba Phule
- C.E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker
- D.Jawaharlal Nehru
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker. E.V. Ramaswamy, known as Periyar, started the Self-Respect Movement in Tamil Nadu in 1925.
Periyar left the Congress in 1925, unhappy that it did not take up caste discrimination firmly enough, and launched the Self-Respect Movement to give non-Brahmin and lower-caste people dignity and equal rights. The movement opposed caste hierarchy and Brahmin dominance, attacked superstition and rituals, and promoted self-respect marriages held without priests, widow remarriage and the rights of women. Its ideas fed into the Justice Party, which Periyar later turned into the Dravidar Kazhagam in 1944. Earlier he had led the Vaikom Satyagraha of 1924 in Travancore, which earned him the title Vaikom Veerar.
A is wrong because Ambedkar founded the Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha and led the Mahad Satyagraha. B is wrong because Jyotiba Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873. D is wrong because Nehru was a Congress leader and did not lead any such movement.
Exam tip: Periyar: Self-Respect Movement 1925, Dravidar Kazhagam 1944; Phule: Satyashodhak Samaj 1873.
Practice Questions
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- A.James Hargreaves
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Show answer
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