The khuntkatti tenure was prevalent in which one of the following regions of India during the British Colonial Rule ?
- A.Bundelkhand
- B.Karnataka
- C.Chota Nagpur
- D.Madras Presidency
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, Chota Nagpur. Khuntkatti was the traditional land system of the Munda tribe of the Chota Nagpur plateau, in present-day Jharkhand.
Under khuntkatti, land belonged jointly to the lineage (khunt) of the families who first cleared the forest and settled the village. The community held it together, and no outsider landlord stood between the cultivators and the land. Under British rule, outside landlords (dikus), moneylenders and contractors broke down this system and turned tribals into tenants and forced labourers. This was a key grievance behind Birsa Munda's Ulgulan of 1899–1900. The Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act, 1908 later gave legal recognition to khuntkatti rights.
Option A is wrong because Bundelkhand had no such tribal tenure. Option B is wrong because khuntkatti was not found in Karnataka. Option D is wrong because the Madras Presidency mostly had the ryotwari system.
Exam tip: khuntkatti, Munda tribe, Chota Nagpur; Birsa Munda's Ulgulan 1899–1900; Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act 1908.
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