The Environment (Protection) Act, often described as an umbrella legislation, was enacted in which year?
- A.1974
- B.1981
- C.1986
- D.1991
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, 1986. The Act was passed in the wake of the Bhopal gas tragedy and gives the central government a general power to take any measure it considers necessary to protect and improve the quality of the environment. Because so many rules are framed under it, on hazardous waste, noise, plastic waste, electronic waste and environmental impact assessment, it is called an umbrella legislation.
Option A, 1974, is the year of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, which created the pollution control boards. Option B, 1981, is the year of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, which extended the work of those boards to air quality. Option D, 1991, is the year of the Public Liability Insurance Act, which requires industries handling hazardous substances to carry insurance for accident victims. The trap in this question is to answer 1984, the year of the accident rather than of the Act.
Read the full article: Environmental Laws and Bodies in India: Acts and PYQs
Practice Questions
View allOne of India's worst industrial disasters of all time occurred in Bhopal on December 1984, in which of the following factories?
- A.Exide
- B.Bharat Rasayan Limited
- C.Union Carbide
- D.UPL Limited
Show answer
On the night of 2 and 3 December 1984, methyl isocyanate gas leaked from the pesticide plant of Union Carbide India Limited at Bhopal in Madhya Pradesh, killing thousands of people and injuring many more.
Read the full explanation →The Red Data book which lists endangered species is maintained -
- A.UNO
- B.IUCN
- C.WHO
- D.WWF
Show answer
Founded in 1948 and based in Switzerland, it maintains the Red List of Threatened Species, which grades species as least concern, near threatened, vulnerable, endangered, critically endangered, extinct in the wild or extinct.
Read the full explanation →The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) was signed in the year-
- A.2000
- B.2001
- C.1998
- D.1999
Show answer
The Stockholm Convention was adopted in 2001 and came into force in 2004.
Read the full explanation →National Clean Air Programme was launched by the Central Government in which year?
- A.2018
- B.2017
- C.2020
- D.2019
Show answer
The National Clean Air Programme was launched by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change in January 2019 as a national framework to cut particulate pollution in cities that do not meet the national ambient air quality standards.
Read the full explanation →The National Green Tribunal was established under an Act of which year?
- A.1995
- B.2006
- C.2010
- D.2016
Show answer
The National Green Tribunal Act was passed in 2010 and the tribunal began work in the same year, to provide quick and specialised disposal of cases on environmental protection and forest conservation.
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