The Central Pollution Control Board was constituted under which Act?
- A.The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
- B.The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
- C.The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
- D.The Factories Act, 1948
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is B, the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. The Board was created by that Act to advise the central government, to lay down standards for effluents and to coordinate the work of the State Pollution Control Boards, which were set up by the same law in the states.
Option A, the Air Act of 1981, did not create the Board; it entrusted the existing Board with additional functions relating to air quality, which is exactly why this option is the popular wrong answer. Option C, the Environment (Protection) Act of 1986, is the umbrella law under which most environmental rules are framed, but the Board predates it by twelve years. Option D, the Factories Act of 1948, deals with the safety, health and working conditions of factory workers and creates inspectorates, not pollution boards. The pairing to remember is Water Act 1974 with the Boards, Air Act 1981 with their extra duties.
Read the full article: Environmental Laws and Bodies in India: Acts and PYQs
Practice Questions
View allOne of India's worst industrial disasters of all time occurred in Bhopal on December 1984, in which of the following factories?
- A.Exide
- B.Bharat Rasayan Limited
- C.Union Carbide
- D.UPL Limited
Show answer
On the night of 2 and 3 December 1984, methyl isocyanate gas leaked from the pesticide plant of Union Carbide India Limited at Bhopal in Madhya Pradesh, killing thousands of people and injuring many more.
Read the full explanation →The Red Data book which lists endangered species is maintained -
- A.UNO
- B.IUCN
- C.WHO
- D.WWF
Show answer
Founded in 1948 and based in Switzerland, it maintains the Red List of Threatened Species, which grades species as least concern, near threatened, vulnerable, endangered, critically endangered, extinct in the wild or extinct.
Read the full explanation →The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) was signed in the year-
- A.2000
- B.2001
- C.1998
- D.1999
Show answer
The Stockholm Convention was adopted in 2001 and came into force in 2004.
Read the full explanation →National Clean Air Programme was launched by the Central Government in which year?
- A.2018
- B.2017
- C.2020
- D.2019
Show answer
The National Clean Air Programme was launched by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change in January 2019 as a national framework to cut particulate pollution in cities that do not meet the national ambient air quality standards.
Read the full explanation →The Environment (Protection) Act, often described as an umbrella legislation, was enacted in which year?
- A.1974
- B.1981
- C.1986
- D.1991
Show answer
The Act was passed in the wake of the Bhopal gas tragedy and gives the central government a general power to take any measure it considers necessary to protect and improve the quality of the environment.
Read the full explanation →