Gol Gumbaz, famous for its huge dome and its whispering gallery, is the tomb of Muhammad Adil Shah at

The correct answer is B, Jawaharlal Nehru. Shanti Van, which means the garden of peace, stands on the bank of the Yamuna in Delhi a little to the north of Raj Ghat and is the samadhi of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, who was cremated there in 1964. Option A is wrong because the memorial of Mahatma Gandhi is Raj Ghat, the plain black stone platform bearing the words Hey Ram and an eternal flame. Option C is wrong because Lal Bahadur Shastri's samadhi is Vijay Ghat, named for the victory of 1965. Option D is wrong because Indira Gandhi's samadhi is Shakti Sthal, which is often confused with Vir Bhumi, the memorial of her son Rajiv Gandhi. The whole group of memorials stands in a line along the river, so a candidate who remembers their order northward from Raj Ghat rarely loses this mark.

The correct answer is B, Indira Gandhi. Shakti Sthal, the place of strength, is the samadhi of Indira Gandhi, who was Prime Minister of India and was cremated there in 1984, and a large uncut rock from Haryana marks the spot. Option A is wrong because the memorial of Rajiv Gandhi is Vir Bhumi, and the pairing of these two names is the commonest confusion in this question. Option C is wrong because Ekta Sthal, the place of unity, is the memorial of Giani Zail Singh, who had been President of India. Option D is wrong because Kisan Ghat belongs to Chaudhary Charan Singh, the Prime Minister known as a leader of the farmers, which is why his memorial carries the name of the farmer.

The correct answer is C, Lal Bahadur Shastri. Vijay Ghat in Delhi is the samadhi of Lal Bahadur Shastri, the second Prime Minister of India, who died at Tashkent in January 1966, and the name recalls the victory of India in the war of 1965 fought during his term. Option A is wrong because Morarji Desai was cremated at Abhay Ghat in Ahmedabad, the only memorial of a Prime Minister in that city. Option B is wrong because Narayan Ghat is the memorial of Gulzarilal Nanda, who served twice as acting Prime Minister. Option D is wrong because Atal Bihari Vajpayee's memorial, built near Raj Ghat and opened in 2018, is called Sadaiv Atal. A simple way to fix these names is to tie each to one word, vijay for the war of 1965, shanti for the garden of peace and abhay for the memorial at Ahmedabad.

The correct answer is B, Chaudhary Charan Singh. Kisan Ghat on the Yamuna bank in Delhi is the samadhi of Chaudhary Charan Singh, who was Prime Minister of India and is remembered above all as a leader of the farmers, which is why his memorial is named after the kisan. Option A is wrong because the memorial of Babu Jagjivan Ram is Samata Sthal, the place of equality, named for his lifelong work against untouchability. Option C is wrong because Karma Bhumi is the memorial of Shankar Dayal Sharma, who had been President of India. Option D is wrong because Jayaprakash Narayan was cremated at Patna in Bihar and has no memorial in the Raj Ghat group. Candidates should note that all four names offered in such a question are genuine memorials of real leaders, so only the pairing decides the answer.

The correct answer is A, Dr B. R. Ambedkar. Chaitya Bhoomi, on the sea front at Dadar in Mumbai, is the place where Dr Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, the chairman of the drafting committee of the Constitution, was cremated in December 1956, and lakhs of followers gather there on 6 December each year. Option B is wrong because Bal Gangadhar Tilak was cremated at Chowpatty in Mumbai, where a memorial stands, but it is not called Chaitya Bhoomi. Option C is wrong because Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was cremated at Sonapur in Mumbai in 1950. Option D is wrong because Jyotiba Phule belongs to an earlier century and is commemorated at Pune, not at Dadar. The name comes from the Buddhist chaitya, because Dr Ambedkar had embraced Buddhism at Nagpur only a few weeks before his death.