Shanti Van in Delhi is the samadhi of which leader?

The correct answer is B, Indira Gandhi. Shakti Sthal, the place of strength, is the samadhi of Indira Gandhi, who was Prime Minister of India and was cremated there in 1984, and a large uncut rock from Haryana marks the spot. Option A is wrong because the memorial of Rajiv Gandhi is Vir Bhumi, and the pairing of these two names is the commonest confusion in this question. Option C is wrong because Ekta Sthal, the place of unity, is the memorial of Giani Zail Singh, who had been President of India. Option D is wrong because Kisan Ghat belongs to Chaudhary Charan Singh, the Prime Minister known as a leader of the farmers, which is why his memorial carries the name of the farmer.

The correct answer is C, Lal Bahadur Shastri. Vijay Ghat in Delhi is the samadhi of Lal Bahadur Shastri, the second Prime Minister of India, who died at Tashkent in January 1966, and the name recalls the victory of India in the war of 1965 fought during his term. Option A is wrong because Morarji Desai was cremated at Abhay Ghat in Ahmedabad, the only memorial of a Prime Minister in that city. Option B is wrong because Narayan Ghat is the memorial of Gulzarilal Nanda, who served twice as acting Prime Minister. Option D is wrong because Atal Bihari Vajpayee's memorial, built near Raj Ghat and opened in 2018, is called Sadaiv Atal. A simple way to fix these names is to tie each to one word, vijay for the war of 1965, shanti for the garden of peace and abhay for the memorial at Ahmedabad.

The correct answer is B, Chaudhary Charan Singh. Kisan Ghat on the Yamuna bank in Delhi is the samadhi of Chaudhary Charan Singh, who was Prime Minister of India and is remembered above all as a leader of the farmers, which is why his memorial is named after the kisan. Option A is wrong because the memorial of Babu Jagjivan Ram is Samata Sthal, the place of equality, named for his lifelong work against untouchability. Option C is wrong because Karma Bhumi is the memorial of Shankar Dayal Sharma, who had been President of India. Option D is wrong because Jayaprakash Narayan was cremated at Patna in Bihar and has no memorial in the Raj Ghat group. Candidates should note that all four names offered in such a question are genuine memorials of real leaders, so only the pairing decides the answer.

The correct answer is A, Dr B. R. Ambedkar. Chaitya Bhoomi, on the sea front at Dadar in Mumbai, is the place where Dr Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, the chairman of the drafting committee of the Constitution, was cremated in December 1956, and lakhs of followers gather there on 6 December each year. Option B is wrong because Bal Gangadhar Tilak was cremated at Chowpatty in Mumbai, where a memorial stands, but it is not called Chaitya Bhoomi. Option C is wrong because Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was cremated at Sonapur in Mumbai in 1950. Option D is wrong because Jyotiba Phule belongs to an earlier century and is commemorated at Pune, not at Dadar. The name comes from the Buddhist chaitya, because Dr Ambedkar had embraced Buddhism at Nagpur only a few weeks before his death.

The correct answer is A, Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Sadaiv Atal is the memorial of Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who was Prime Minister of India three times and died in August 2018; it stands near Raj Ghat and its name plays on his own name, meaning forever unmoved. Option B is wrong because P. V. Narasimha Rao was cremated at Hyderabad, and a memorial for him was later made within the group of memorials in Delhi. Option C is wrong because Pranab Mukherjee, a former President, was cremated at the common Rashtriya Smriti Sthal. Option D is wrong because Giani Zail Singh's memorial is Ekta Sthal, built well before this one and named for unity. A later government decision stopped the practice of setting aside fresh land for each dignitary and made a common Rashtriya Smriti Sthal in the same area, so this memorial is one of the few exceptions.