Chola inscriptions mention several categories of lands. Which one of the following was meant for the maintenance of school?
- A.Tirunamattukkani
- B.Shalabhoga
- C.Vellanvagai
- D.Pallichhandam
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is B, Shalabhoga. In Chola inscriptions, shalabhoga was land set aside for the upkeep of a school (shala).
Chola inscriptions record many kinds of land, mostly gifts made by kings and wealthy people. The common categories were vellanvagai, brahmadeya, shalabhoga, devadana or tirunamattukkani, and pallichchhandam. A grant of shalabhoga meant that the produce of that land paid for running a school, often attached to a temple. The word "shala" means a hall of learning and "bhoga" means enjoyment of the produce.
A is wrong because tirunamattukkani, also called devadana, was land gifted to temples.
C is wrong because vellanvagai was the land of non-Brahmana peasant proprietors.
D is wrong because pallichchhandam was land donated to Jaina institutions; "palli" here refers to a Jaina establishment.
Brahmadeya, another category, was land gifted to Brahmanas.
Exam tip: shalabhoga for schools, devadana or tirunamattukkani for temples, pallichchhandam for Jainas, brahmadeya for Brahmanas.
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