Arrange the following foreign travellers to India in chronological order, beginning with the earliest : 1. Peter Mundy 2. Antonio Monserrate 3. Afanasii Nikitich Nikitin 4. Ibn Battuta Select the answer using the code given below:
- A.2-1-4-3
- B.2-3-4-1
- C.4-3-2-1
- D.3-4-1-2
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, 4-3-2-1. Ibn Battuta came in the 14th century, Nikitin in the 15th, Monserrate in the 16th and Peter Mundy in the 17th.
Ibn Battuta, from Morocco, reached India in 1333 and served as a qazi of Delhi under Muhammad bin Tughlaq; his travel account is the Rihla. Afanasii Nikitin, a Russian merchant from Tver, visited the Bahmani kingdom between about 1469 and 1472. Antonio Monserrate, a Portuguese Jesuit priest, came to Akbar's court at Fatehpur Sikri with the first Jesuit mission in 1580. Peter Mundy, an English trader, travelled in Mughal India in the 1630s, during Shah Jahan's reign, and wrote about a famine in Gujarat.
A is wrong because it puts Monserrate and Mundy before the much earlier Ibn Battuta and Nikitin.
B is wrong because it starts with Monserrate, who came about 250 years after Ibn Battuta.
D is wrong because Nikitin came after Ibn Battuta, and Mundy came after Monserrate.
Exam tip: Ibn Battuta (Tughlaq) → Nikitin (Bahmani) → Monserrate (Akbar) → Mundy (Shah Jahan).
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