Famous Books Adapted into Films: Writers and Movies
Exam notes on famous books adapted into films: Indian novels filmed by Satyajit Ray and others, Shakespeare in Hindi cinema and foreign classics on screen.
By GK24 Editorial Team· Published · 3 min read

A large share of the films a General Awareness paper names were books first. Examiners like the pairing because it tests two lists at once: the author and the film. A question gives you one and asks for the other, so the only safe way to prepare is to memorise the three-part chain, book, author, film, rather than any one part alone. Indian literature supplies most of the pairs, and the great directors, Satyajit Ray above all, worked almost entirely from novels and short stories.
Indian novels and the films made from them
| Book | Author | Film |
|---|---|---|
| Pather Panchali | Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay | Pather Panchali (1955), Satyajit Ray |
| Nastanirh (The Broken Nest) | Rabindranath Tagore | Charulata (1964), Satyajit Ray |
| Shatranj Ke Khilari | Munshi Premchand | Shatranj Ke Khilari (1977), Satyajit Ray |
| Jalsaghar | Tarashankar Bandopadhyay | Jalsaghar, The Music Room (1958), Satyajit Ray |
| The Guide | R. K. Narayan | Guide (1965), with Dev Anand and Waheeda Rehman |
| Devdas | Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay | Devdas, filmed many times from 1935 onwards |
| Umrao Jaan Ada | Mirza Hadi Ruswa | Umrao Jaan (1981), Muzaffar Ali |
| Saheb Bibi Golam | Bimal Mitra | Sahib Bibi Aur Ghulam (1962) |
| Pinjar | Amrita Pritam | Pinjar (2003) |
| Tamas | Bhisham Sahni | Tamas (1988), Govind Nihalani |
| Rudali | Mahasweta Devi | Rudaali (1993) |
| Train to Pakistan | Khushwant Singh | Train to Pakistan (1998) |
| Chemmeen | Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai | Chemmeen (1965), Malayalam |
Shakespeare in Indian cinema
Three films of Vishal Bhardwaj form a Shakespeare trilogy and are asked as a set: Maqbool from Macbeth, Omkara from Othello and Haider from Hamlet. Gulzar's comedy Angoor comes from The Comedy of Errors, and Gurinder Chadha's Bride and Prejudice from Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, while Aisha follows Austen's Emma. The pattern to remember is that the play or novel is English and the film Indian, so a question can ask for either side.
Recent Indian writing on screen
Chetan Bhagat is the writer most often asked, because four of his novels became well known films: Five Point Someone became 3 Idiots (2009), One Night @ the Call Center became Hello, The 3 Mistakes of My Life became Kai Po Che and 2 States kept its name. Vikas Swarup's novel Q & A became Slumdog Millionaire (2008), directed by Danny Boyle, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture; A. R. Rahman won two Academy Awards for its music and song. Aravind Adiga's Booker-winning The White Tiger was filmed in 2021, and Jhumpa Lahiri's The Namesake was filmed by Mira Nair in 2006.
Famous foreign books on film
| Book | Author | Film |
|---|---|---|
| The Godfather | Mario Puzo | The Godfather (1972), Francis Ford Coppola |
| Gone with the Wind | Margaret Mitchell | Gone with the Wind (1939) |
| To Kill a Mockingbird | Harper Lee | To Kill a Mockingbird (1962) |
| Schindler's Ark | Thomas Keneally | Schindler's List (1993), Steven Spielberg |
| Jurassic Park | Michael Crichton | Jurassic Park (1993), Steven Spielberg |
| Life of Pi | Yann Martel | Life of Pi (2012), Ang Lee |
| Harry Potter series | J. K. Rowling | Eight Harry Potter films |
| The Lord of the Rings | J. R. R. Tolkien | The Lord of the Rings trilogy |
| The Jungle Book | Rudyard Kipling | The Jungle Book, filmed several times |
| The Da Vinci Code | Dan Brown | The Da Vinci Code (2006) |
Why the pairs are worth the effort
Three kinds of fact hang together here. First, an author's name may be asked through a film rather than a book: a candidate who knows only that R. K. Narayan wrote about Malgudi may still miss that The Guide became the film Guide. Second, the film's director is often part of the question, and Satyajit Ray, Bimal Roy, Govind Nihalani, Shyam Benegal and Vishal Bhardwaj are the names that recur. Third, awards cross over: Gone with the Wind and To Kill a Mockingbird began as prize-winning novels, The White Tiger won the Booker Prize before it was filmed, and Slumdog Millionaire turned an Indian novel into a Best Picture winner. Learn the chain in one direction and then test yourself in the other, because papers ask it both ways.
Exam Point of View
The question is always a match, and it can run either way: a film is named and the author asked, or an author is named and the film asked. Satyajit Ray's sources are the most examined group, so keep Pather Panchali with Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay, Jalsaghar with Tarashankar Bandopadhyay, Charulata with Tagore's Nastanirh and Shatranj Ke Khilari with Premchand; the shared surname Bandopadhyay is the usual trap. The Vishal Bhardwaj trilogy is asked as a set, with King Lear added as the extra option. Chetan Bhagat questions turn on which novel gave which film, and the numbers in the titles are designed to confuse. On the foreign side, learn the author rather than the director, and watch for a change of title, as with Schindler's Ark becoming Schindler's List and Q & A becoming Slumdog Millionaire.
Important Facts
| Pather Panchali | Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay; Satyajit Ray, 1955; part of the Apu Trilogy |
|---|---|
| Charulata | From Tagore's Nastanirh (The Broken Nest); Satyajit Ray, 1964 |
| Shatranj Ke Khilari | From Premchand's story; Satyajit Ray, 1977; Ray's only Hindi feature |
| Jalsaghar | From Tarashankar Bandopadhyay's novel; Satyajit Ray, 1958 |
| Guide | From R. K. Narayan's The Guide (1958); film 1965 |
| Devdas | From Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's novel; filmed many times since 1935 |
| Umrao Jaan | From Mirza Hadi Ruswa's Umrao Jaan Ada (1899); film 1981 |
| Sahib Bibi Aur Ghulam | From Bimal Mitra's Bengali novel Saheb Bibi Golam; film 1962 |
| Shakespeare trilogy | Maqbool (Macbeth), Omkara (Othello), Haider (Hamlet), by Vishal Bhardwaj |
| 3 Idiots | From Chetan Bhagat's Five Point Someone; film 2009 |
| Slumdog Millionaire | From Vikas Swarup's Q & A; Best Picture at the Academy Awards |
| Partition novels filmed | Pinjar (Amrita Pritam), Train to Pakistan (Khushwant Singh), Tamas (Bhisham Sahni) |
| The Godfather | Mario Puzo, 1969; film by Francis Ford Coppola, 1972 |
| Schindler's List | From Thomas Keneally's Schindler's Ark; Steven Spielberg, 1993 |
| Life of Pi | Yann Martel's novel; film by Ang Lee, 2012 |
Practice MCQs on this topic
The 1965 film 'Guide', starring Dev Anand and Waheeda Rehman, was based on a novel by which writer?
- A.Mulk Raj Anand
- B.R. K. Narayan
- C.Khushwant Singh
- D.Raja Rao
Show answer
R. K. Narayan's novel The Guide, published in 1958 and set in his imagined town of Malgudi, won him the Sahitya Akademi Award and was filmed as Guide in 1965 with Dev Anand and Waheeda Rehman.
Read the full explanation →Satyajit Ray's film 'Pather Panchali' was based on a Bengali novel written by:
- A.Tarashankar Bandopadhyay
- B.Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
- C.Rabindranath Tagore
- D.Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay
Show answer
His novel Pather Panchali gave Satyajit Ray the material for his first film, released in 1955, and for Aparajito, the two with Apur Sansar forming the Apu Trilogy.
Read the full explanation →'Shatranj Ke Khilari', filmed by Satyajit Ray in 1977, is based on a short story by:
- A.Munshi Premchand
- B.Rabindranath Tagore
- C.Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
- D.Mahasweta Devi
Show answer
Premchand's Hindi short story Shatranj Ke Khilari, about two noblemen of Awadh absorbed in chess while their kingdom is annexed, was filmed by Satyajit Ray in 1977, the director's only Hindi feature; Ray also made Sadgati from another Premchand story.
Read the full explanation →The film 'Slumdog Millionaire' (2008) was based on which novel by an Indian author?
- A.The White Tiger
- B.Shantaram
- C.Q & A
- D.A Fine Balance
Show answer
Q & A was written by Vikas Swarup, a diplomat, and was adapted by Danny Boyle as Slumdog Millionaire, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture; A. R. Rahman won the awards for Best Original Score and, with Gulzar, for Best Original Song, and Resul Pookutty won for sound…
Read the full explanation →The film '3 Idiots' (2009) was based on which novel by Chetan Bhagat?
- A.Five Point Someone
- B.One Night @ the Call Center
- C.The 3 Mistakes of My Life
- D.2 States
Show answer
Five Point Someone: What Not to Do at IIT, published in 2004, was Chetan Bhagat's first novel and supplied the story of three engineering students that became 3 Idiots, directed by Rajkumar Hirani in 2009.
Read the full explanation →Vishal Bhardwaj's film 'Omkara' is an adaptation of which play by William Shakespeare?
- A.Othello
- B.Hamlet
- C.Macbeth
- D.King Lear
Show answer
Omkara, released in 2006 and set in the politics of western Uttar Pradesh, follows the plot of Othello, with the handkerchief of the play becoming a waistband in the film.
Read the full explanation →The film 'Umrao Jaan' was based on the Urdu novel 'Umrao Jaan Ada', written by:
- A.Mirza Ghalib
- B.Mirza Hadi Ruswa
- C.Munshi Premchand
- D.Ismat Chughtai
Show answer
Umrao Jaan Ada, published in 1899, is counted among the first novels in Urdu and tells the story of a courtesan of Lucknow; Muzaffar Ali filmed it in 1981 with Rekha in the title role.
Read the full explanation →The film 'The Godfather' (1972) was based on the novel written by:
- A.Ernest Hemingway
- B.John Steinbeck
- C.Dan Brown
- D.Mario Puzo
Show answer
Mario Puzo published The Godfather in 1969, and Francis Ford Coppola filmed it in 1972; Puzo also worked on the screenplay, for which he shared an Academy Award.
Read the full explanation →Satyajit Ray's 'Charulata' was based on which work of Rabindranath Tagore?
- A.Gora
- B.Ghare Baire
- C.Nastanirh
- D.Chokher Bali
Show answer
Nastanirh, meaning the broken nest, is Tagore's novella about a lonely wife in a Calcutta household, and Satyajit Ray filmed it in 1964 as Charulata, a film Ray himself named as the one he would change least.
Read the full explanation →The 2003 film 'Pinjar', about a woman abducted during the Partition, was based on a novel by:
- A.Krishna Sobti
- B.Amrita Pritam
- C.Mahadevi Verma
- D.Ismat Chughtai
Show answer
Amrita Pritam's Punjabi novel Pinjar, meaning the skeleton, tells the story of Puro, a woman abducted on the eve of Partition, and was filmed in 2003 under the same name; Pritam also wrote the famous Partition poem addressed to Waris Shah and received the Jnanpith Award.
Read the full explanation →Frequently Asked Questions
Which novel was Satyajit Ray's first film based on?
Ray's first film, Pather Panchali of 1955, was based on the Bengali novel of the same name by Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay. The novel also supplied Aparajito, and together with Apur Sansar the three films are called the Apu Trilogy.
Which Shakespeare plays did Vishal Bhardwaj adapt?
Three: Macbeth as Maqbool in 2003, set in the Mumbai underworld; Othello as Omkara in 2006, set in western Uttar Pradesh; and Hamlet as Haider in 2014, set in Kashmir. King Lear is the play he did not adapt, and it is usually the extra option in a question on the trilogy.
Which Chetan Bhagat novels became films?
Five Point Someone became 3 Idiots in 2009, One Night @ the Call Center became Hello, The 3 Mistakes of My Life became Kai Po Che, 2 States was filmed under its own name and Half Girlfriend also kept its title. The numbers in the titles are what make these easy to mix up.
Which Indian novel became an Academy Award winning film?
Q & A by Vikas Swarup was adapted by Danny Boyle as Slumdog Millionaire, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture in 2009. A. R. Rahman won for the score and, with Gulzar, for the song, and Resul Pookutty won for sound mixing.
Which books on the Partition of India have been filmed?
Amrita Pritam's Punjabi novel Pinjar was filmed in 2003, Khushwant Singh's Train to Pakistan in 1998, and Bhisham Sahni's Tamas was made by Govind Nihalani in 1988. All three are asked with their authors, so keep the three pairs together.
Sources
- Sahitya Akademi Award winners and their works — Sahitya Akademi, Government of India
- National Film Awards: regulations and lists of awarded films — Directorate of Film Festivals, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
- Indian literature in the modern period, Class XII supplementary reader — NCERT





