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Famous Books Adapted into Films: Writers and Movies

Exam notes on famous books adapted into films: Indian novels filmed by Satyajit Ray and others, Shakespeare in Hindi cinema and foreign classics on screen.

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Famous Books Adapted into Films: Writers and Movies — GK24 title card
Famous Books Adapted into Films: Writers and Movies — GK24 title card

A large share of the films a General Awareness paper names were books first. Examiners like the pairing because it tests two lists at once: the author and the film. A question gives you one and asks for the other, so the only safe way to prepare is to memorise the three-part chain, book, author, film, rather than any one part alone. Indian literature supplies most of the pairs, and the great directors, Satyajit Ray above all, worked almost entirely from novels and short stories.

Indian novels and the films made from them

BookAuthorFilm
Pather PanchaliBibhutibhushan BandopadhyayPather Panchali (1955), Satyajit Ray
Nastanirh (The Broken Nest)Rabindranath TagoreCharulata (1964), Satyajit Ray
Shatranj Ke KhilariMunshi PremchandShatranj Ke Khilari (1977), Satyajit Ray
JalsagharTarashankar BandopadhyayJalsaghar, The Music Room (1958), Satyajit Ray
The GuideR. K. NarayanGuide (1965), with Dev Anand and Waheeda Rehman
DevdasSarat Chandra ChattopadhyayDevdas, filmed many times from 1935 onwards
Umrao Jaan AdaMirza Hadi RuswaUmrao Jaan (1981), Muzaffar Ali
Saheb Bibi GolamBimal MitraSahib Bibi Aur Ghulam (1962)
PinjarAmrita PritamPinjar (2003)
TamasBhisham SahniTamas (1988), Govind Nihalani
RudaliMahasweta DeviRudaali (1993)
Train to PakistanKhushwant SinghTrain to Pakistan (1998)
ChemmeenThakazhi Sivasankara PillaiChemmeen (1965), Malayalam

Shakespeare in Indian cinema

Three films of Vishal Bhardwaj form a Shakespeare trilogy and are asked as a set: Maqbool from Macbeth, Omkara from Othello and Haider from Hamlet. Gulzar's comedy Angoor comes from The Comedy of Errors, and Gurinder Chadha's Bride and Prejudice from Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, while Aisha follows Austen's Emma. The pattern to remember is that the play or novel is English and the film Indian, so a question can ask for either side.

Recent Indian writing on screen

Chetan Bhagat is the writer most often asked, because four of his novels became well known films: Five Point Someone became 3 Idiots (2009), One Night @ the Call Center became Hello, The 3 Mistakes of My Life became Kai Po Che and 2 States kept its name. Vikas Swarup's novel Q & A became Slumdog Millionaire (2008), directed by Danny Boyle, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture; A. R. Rahman won two Academy Awards for its music and song. Aravind Adiga's Booker-winning The White Tiger was filmed in 2021, and Jhumpa Lahiri's The Namesake was filmed by Mira Nair in 2006.

Famous foreign books on film

BookAuthorFilm
The GodfatherMario PuzoThe Godfather (1972), Francis Ford Coppola
Gone with the WindMargaret MitchellGone with the Wind (1939)
To Kill a MockingbirdHarper LeeTo Kill a Mockingbird (1962)
Schindler's ArkThomas KeneallySchindler's List (1993), Steven Spielberg
Jurassic ParkMichael CrichtonJurassic Park (1993), Steven Spielberg
Life of PiYann MartelLife of Pi (2012), Ang Lee
Harry Potter seriesJ. K. RowlingEight Harry Potter films
The Lord of the RingsJ. R. R. TolkienThe Lord of the Rings trilogy
The Jungle BookRudyard KiplingThe Jungle Book, filmed several times
The Da Vinci CodeDan BrownThe Da Vinci Code (2006)

Why the pairs are worth the effort

Three kinds of fact hang together here. First, an author's name may be asked through a film rather than a book: a candidate who knows only that R. K. Narayan wrote about Malgudi may still miss that The Guide became the film Guide. Second, the film's director is often part of the question, and Satyajit Ray, Bimal Roy, Govind Nihalani, Shyam Benegal and Vishal Bhardwaj are the names that recur. Third, awards cross over: Gone with the Wind and To Kill a Mockingbird began as prize-winning novels, The White Tiger won the Booker Prize before it was filmed, and Slumdog Millionaire turned an Indian novel into a Best Picture winner. Learn the chain in one direction and then test yourself in the other, because papers ask it both ways.

Exam Point of View

The question is always a match, and it can run either way: a film is named and the author asked, or an author is named and the film asked. Satyajit Ray's sources are the most examined group, so keep Pather Panchali with Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay, Jalsaghar with Tarashankar Bandopadhyay, Charulata with Tagore's Nastanirh and Shatranj Ke Khilari with Premchand; the shared surname Bandopadhyay is the usual trap. The Vishal Bhardwaj trilogy is asked as a set, with King Lear added as the extra option. Chetan Bhagat questions turn on which novel gave which film, and the numbers in the titles are designed to confuse. On the foreign side, learn the author rather than the director, and watch for a change of title, as with Schindler's Ark becoming Schindler's List and Q & A becoming Slumdog Millionaire.

Important Facts

Pather PanchaliBibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay; Satyajit Ray, 1955; part of the Apu Trilogy
CharulataFrom Tagore's Nastanirh (The Broken Nest); Satyajit Ray, 1964
Shatranj Ke KhilariFrom Premchand's story; Satyajit Ray, 1977; Ray's only Hindi feature
JalsagharFrom Tarashankar Bandopadhyay's novel; Satyajit Ray, 1958
GuideFrom R. K. Narayan's The Guide (1958); film 1965
DevdasFrom Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's novel; filmed many times since 1935
Umrao JaanFrom Mirza Hadi Ruswa's Umrao Jaan Ada (1899); film 1981
Sahib Bibi Aur GhulamFrom Bimal Mitra's Bengali novel Saheb Bibi Golam; film 1962
Shakespeare trilogyMaqbool (Macbeth), Omkara (Othello), Haider (Hamlet), by Vishal Bhardwaj
3 IdiotsFrom Chetan Bhagat's Five Point Someone; film 2009
Slumdog MillionaireFrom Vikas Swarup's Q & A; Best Picture at the Academy Awards
Partition novels filmedPinjar (Amrita Pritam), Train to Pakistan (Khushwant Singh), Tamas (Bhisham Sahni)
The GodfatherMario Puzo, 1969; film by Francis Ford Coppola, 1972
Schindler's ListFrom Thomas Keneally's Schindler's Ark; Steven Spielberg, 1993
Life of PiYann Martel's novel; film by Ang Lee, 2012

Practice MCQs on this topic

Q3.Books & AuthorsMedium

'Shatranj Ke Khilari', filmed by Satyajit Ray in 1977, is based on a short story by:

  1. A.Munshi Premchand
  2. B.Rabindranath Tagore
  3. C.Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay
  4. D.Mahasweta Devi
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Munshi Premchand

Premchand's Hindi short story Shatranj Ke Khilari, about two noblemen of Awadh absorbed in chess while their kingdom is annexed, was filmed by Satyajit Ray in 1977, the director's only Hindi feature; Ray also made Sadgati from another Premchand story.

Q10.Books & AuthorsMedium

The 2003 film 'Pinjar', about a woman abducted during the Partition, was based on a novel by:

  1. A.Krishna Sobti
  2. B.Amrita Pritam
  3. C.Mahadevi Verma
  4. D.Ismat Chughtai
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Amrita Pritam

Amrita Pritam's Punjabi novel Pinjar, meaning the skeleton, tells the story of Puro, a woman abducted on the eve of Partition, and was filmed in 2003 under the same name; Pritam also wrote the famous Partition poem addressed to Waris Shah and received the Jnanpith Award.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which novel was Satyajit Ray's first film based on?

Ray's first film, Pather Panchali of 1955, was based on the Bengali novel of the same name by Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay. The novel also supplied Aparajito, and together with Apur Sansar the three films are called the Apu Trilogy.

Which Shakespeare plays did Vishal Bhardwaj adapt?

Three: Macbeth as Maqbool in 2003, set in the Mumbai underworld; Othello as Omkara in 2006, set in western Uttar Pradesh; and Hamlet as Haider in 2014, set in Kashmir. King Lear is the play he did not adapt, and it is usually the extra option in a question on the trilogy.

Which Chetan Bhagat novels became films?

Five Point Someone became 3 Idiots in 2009, One Night @ the Call Center became Hello, The 3 Mistakes of My Life became Kai Po Che, 2 States was filmed under its own name and Half Girlfriend also kept its title. The numbers in the titles are what make these easy to mix up.

Which Indian novel became an Academy Award winning film?

Q & A by Vikas Swarup was adapted by Danny Boyle as Slumdog Millionaire, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture in 2009. A. R. Rahman won for the score and, with Gulzar, for the song, and Resul Pookutty won for sound mixing.

Which books on the Partition of India have been filmed?

Amrita Pritam's Punjabi novel Pinjar was filmed in 2003, Khushwant Singh's Train to Pakistan in 1998, and Bhisham Sahni's Tamas was made by Govind Nihalani in 1988. All three are asked with their authors, so keep the three pairs together.

Sources

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