Geography Mixed Quiz: Set 10

A great circle is one whose plane passes through the centre of the sphere and which therefore divides it into two equal halves.

Because of the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun, together with the centrifugal effect of the earth's rotation, most coasts see the sea rise and fall twice in a day.

Limestone is a sedimentary rock made largely of calcium carbonate, and when heat and pressure recrystallise it without melting it, the result is marble, the stone used in the Taj Mahal and in the Dilwara temples.

The Himadri, or Greater Himalaya, is part of the Himalayan system, the youngest fold mountains in India, formed as the Indian plate pushed into the Eurasian plate and folded up the sediments of the old Tethys Sea.

The Godavari, about 1,465 km long, is the longest river of peninsular India and is called the Dakshin Ganga; it rises at Trimbakeshwar near Nashik in Maharashtra.

The Shevaroy Hills, also spelt Servarayan, rise near Salem in Tamil Nadu and are part of the Eastern Ghats.

The meridian running through it was accepted as the zero meridian, from which all longitudes are counted east and west, and its local time is Greenwich Mean Time, the reference for the world's standard times.

Vembanad in Kerala is the longest lake in India, stretching about 96 km from Alappuzha to Kochi, and it is also the largest lake of Kerala.

The Deccan Trap was formed by vast fissure eruptions in which lava spread over the surface and cooled quickly, giving a fine-grained extrusive igneous rock, basalt.

Altitude and slope, which together make up relief, decide how much soil collects at a place, not how fast humus forms.

The Mahi rises in the Vindhya hills in Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, flows through the Banswara region of Rajasthan and then crosses Gujarat to fall into the Gulf of Khambhat, so it passes through three states.

Both pairs are reversed: in Punjab rice is a commercial crop, while in Odisha it is a subsistence crop. The same crop can be commercial in one state and subsistence in another; it depends on why the farmer grows it.

The Arctic Circle marks the latitude beyond which the sun stays above the horizon for the whole of at least one day in midsummer and below it for the whole of at least one day in midwinter, the phenomenon known as the midnight sun and the polar night.

Gua and Noamundi, in West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand, are well-known iron ore mines of the Singhbhum–Keonjhar belt, which feeds steel plants such as the one at Jamshedpur.

They are built up layer by layer as sediment settles over the remains of living things and hardens gently, so shells, bones and plant matter survive as fossils.

National Waterway 2 is the Brahmaputra from Dhubri to Sadiya in Assam, a stretch of 891 km declared in 1988.

The Kaveri rises at Talakaveri in the Brahmagiri hills of Kodagu in Karnataka; the Sabarmati begins in the Aravalli hills of Mewar in Udaipur district of Rajasthan; the Tapti rises near Multai in Betul district, on the Satpura range of Madhya Pradesh; and the Damodar starts on the Chhotanagpur plateau…

The line does not follow it exactly: it bends east and west to keep the eastern tip of Siberia, the Aleutian Islands and several Pacific island groups on one side, so that no country is left with two dates at the same moment.

Almost half the weight of the crust, about 46.6 per cent, is oxygen, because it is locked into the silicate minerals of which nearly all crustal rocks are made rather than existing as free gas.

The Rapti rises in Nepal, flows past Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh and joins the Ghaghra, which then meets the Ganga.