General Science Mixed Quiz: Set 27

Dynamic viscosity measures how strongly a fluid resists flowing, and in the centimetre gram second system it is measured in poise, a unit named after the French physician Jean Louis Marie Poiseuille, who studied the flow of blood in narrow tubes.

A ligament is the connective tissue that joins one bone to another at a joint. It is very elastic and strong, and it holds the bones in place so that a joint can move without the bones slipping apart.

Once the athlete's feet leave the ground they move as a projectile, and the horizontal distance covered, called the range, is given by R equal to u squared into sin 2 theta divided by g. The range is largest when sin 2 theta has its greatest value of one, which…

The BCG vaccine takes its name from Albert Calmette and Camille Guerin, the two French scientists who developed it from a weakened strain of Mycobacterium bovis.

A body that slides down a smooth slope turns all of its potential energy mgh into translational kinetic energy and reaches the bottom with a speed equal to the square root of 2gh.

Bacteria are grouped by shape, and bacilli are the rod-shaped ones; the Latin word bacillus itself means a small rod or stick.

Pressure counted from a perfect vacuum as the zero point is called absolute pressure. A perfect vacuum holds no gas and exerts no pressure, so it is the true zero of any pressure scale.

In a suspension the particles of the solute are large enough to be seen and do not dissolve; they stay spread through the liquid only while it is stirred and settle to the bottom when it is left standing.

A liquid boils when its vapour pressure equals the pressure of the air pressing on its surface, so lower air pressure means a lower boiling point.

Abscisic acid is the one plant hormone in this list that slows growth instead of speeding it up, which is why it is often called the stress hormone of plants.

Only a transverse wave can be polarised, so the polarisation of light proves that its vibrations are at right angles to the direction of travel.

Water behaves unlike most liquids between 0 and 4 degrees Celsius, a behaviour called the anomalous expansion of water. Almost every substance shrinks as it is cooled, but water shrinks only until it reaches 4 degrees Celsius.

The loudness or intensity level of sound is measured in decibels (dB), a unit named after Alexander Graham Bell.

When a floating body tilts a little, the centre of buoyancy shifts to the centre of the newly displaced water, and the vertical drawn through it cuts the original axis of the body at a point called the metacentre.

In 1820 the Danish scientist Hans Christian Oersted saw that a compass needle kept near a wire swung aside the moment a current flowed through the wire, and swung the other way when the current was reversed.

A tunnel diode, also called an Esaki diode after Leo Esaki who made it in 1957, is heavily doped on both sides, so its depletion layer is extremely thin and electrons cross it by quantum tunnelling.

Potassium sits in group 1 of the periodic table along with lithium, sodium, rubidium, caesium and francium, and these six are called the alkali metals because their oxides and hydroxides dissolve in water to give strong alkalis.

In a double displacement reaction two compounds exchange their ions, so both reactants must be compounds. Here hydrogen and oxygen are elements combining to form a single product, water, which makes it a combination reaction and also a combustion and redox reaction, but certainly not a double displacement.

Citrus fruits such as orange, lemon, lime and grapefruit owe their sharp sour taste to citric acid, which is the acid textbooks name for this family and the one examiners expect here.

Baking soda is sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO3, a mild base made by the Solvay process from brine, ammonia and carbon dioxide.