General Science Mixed Quiz: Set 187

The two ends of a diameter split the ring into two equal halves of 10 Ω each, and these two halves are connected in parallel.

Growth with repair and metabolism are two of the features that mark living beings off from non-living things. A living body grows from inside by making new cells from the food it takes in, and it heals wounds and replaces worn-out tissue.

A monatomic element exists as single, separate atoms. Helium is a noble gas of group 18: its only shell, the first, is full with two electrons, so a helium atom has no tendency to share or transfer electrons and does not bond even with another helium atom.

Ligaments are bands of dense connective tissue that join one bone to another at a joint. Ligaments are rich in tough, slightly elastic fibres, so they hold the bones of a joint together while still allowing movement.

A person with myopia sees nearby objects clearly but finds distant objects blurred, which is why the defect is called near-sightedness or short-sightedness.

The polymerase chain reaction repeats three steps, denaturation at a high temperature, annealing of short primers and extension of the new strand, so the enzyme must survive near boiling water; Taq polymerase, obtained from the bacterium Thermus aquaticus of hot springs, does exactly that and lets a single DNA segment…

The four terrestrial planets do lie between the Sun and the asteroid belt, but they are dense, not light, and their weak gravity could not hold on to escaping gases.

His experiments on garden pea, in which he followed single characters such as seed shape and flower colour through generations, gave the laws of dominance, segregation and independent assortment, and showed that inheritance works through discrete factors rather than a blending of parental traits.

In uniform circular motion the speed stays the same, but the direction changes at every point, so the velocity keeps changing.

The green algae owe their colour to chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, which are not masked by any other pigment; Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Spirogyra, Ulothrix and Chara belong here, and their stored food is starch.

The Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro proposed in 1811 that equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, hold the same number of molecules.

Hydrogen has three isotopes: protium with one proton and no neutron, deuterium with one neutron, which gives heavy water, and tritium with two neutrons, which is radioactive and is used in fusion research and in luminous dials.

Molarity and molality are both standard ways of stating how much solute is present in a solution.

The Indian peafowl, declared the national bird of India, is Pavo cristatus, the epithet cristatus referring to the crest on its head, and it is protected under the Wild Life Protection Act of 1972.

The respiratory quotient is the volume of carbon dioxide released divided by the volume of oxygen used. When glucose is oxidised completely, six molecules of oxygen are used and six of carbon dioxide are released, so the ratio is one.

Mechanical advantage is defined as the load divided by the effort, so the load is the mechanical advantage multiplied by the effort, that is three multiplied by fifteen, which gives forty-five units.

The restoring force grows from zero to its final value as the wire is stretched, so the work done is the average force multiplied by the extension, and dividing by the volume of the wire leaves half the product of stress and strain as the energy stored in each unit…

Superphosphate of lime is made by treating rock phosphate with sulphuric acid, and the nutrient it supplies is phosphorus in the form of available phosphate, not nitrogen; it is therefore a phosphatic fertiliser.

Torque is the product of a force and the perpendicular distance of its line of action from the axis of rotation, so its unit is the unit of force multiplied by the unit of length, the newton metre, and its dimensional formula is M L squared T to the power…

A fuse must carry the normal current, so it must conduct, and it must melt quickly when the current becomes too large.