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Environment & Ecology GK Questions with Answers – Page 9

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Environment & Ecology multiple choice questions with answers and explanations, 20 per page, for SSC, Banking, UPSC, Railway and state exams.

805 questions

Environment & Ecology NotesOnly previous-year questions (368)GK Quiz
Q161.Environment & EcologyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2022, GKEasy

Which one of the following statements about biogas is not correct ?

  1. A.It is mainly composed of methane gas.
  2. B.It is a non-renewable source of energy.
  3. C.It is formed by the decomposition of cow dung in the absence of oxygen.
  4. D.It burns without smoke and leaves no residue.
Show answer
Correct answer: B. It is a non-renewable source of energy.

This statement is wrong: biogas is renewable, because the cattle dung, crop waste and kitchen waste it is made from are produced again and again.

Q162.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2022, GS Paper IMedium

Consider the following pairs : Wetland/Lake — Location 1. Hokera Wetland — Punjab 2. Renuka Wetland — Himachal Pradesh 3. Rudrasagar Lake — Tripura 4. Sasthamkotta Lake — Tamil Nadu How many pairs given above are correctly matched ?

  1. A.Only one pair
  2. B.Only two pairs
  3. C.Only three pairs
  4. D.All four pairs
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Only two pairs

Renuka Wetland in Himachal Pradesh and Rudrasagar Lake in Tripura are correctly matched; Hokera and Sasthamkotta are not. All four are Ramsar sites.

Q163.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2024, GS Paper IMedium

"Membrane Bioreactors" are often discussed in the context of :

  1. A.Assisted reproductive technologies
  2. B.Drug delivery nanotechnologies
  3. C.Vaccine production technologies
  4. D.Wastewater treatment technologies
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Wastewater treatment technologies

A membrane bioreactor treats sewage or industrial effluent by combining biological breakdown of waste with filtration through fine membranes. In a membrane bioreactor (MBR), microorganisms in an aerated tank digest the organic matter in wastewater, as in the conventional activated sludge process.

Q164.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2016, GS Paper IEasy

Which of the following best describes/describe the aim of 'Green India Mission' of the Government of India? 1. Incorporating environmental benefits and costs into the Union and State Budgets thereby implementing the 'green accounting' 2. Launching the second green revolution to enhance agricultural output so as to ensure food security to one and all in the future 3. Restoring and enhancing forest cover and responding to climate change by a combination of adaptation and mitigation measures Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 and 3 only
  3. C.3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: C. 3 only

The Green India Mission aims to protect, restore and enhance India's forest cover and to respond to climate change through both adaptation and mitigation.

Q165.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2019, GS Paper IMedium

Which of the following are in Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve?

  1. A.Neyyar, Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve
  2. B.Mudumalai, Sathyamangalam and Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Silent Valley National Park
  3. C.Kaundinya, Gundla Brahmeswaram and Papikonda Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Mukurthi National Park
  4. D.Kawal and Sri Venkateswara Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Neyyar, Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve

These protected areas lie at the southern tip of the Western Ghats, where the Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve spreads across Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

Q166.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2024, GS Paper IEasy

Recently, the term "pumped-storage hydropower" is actually and appropriately discussed in the context of which one of the following?

  1. A.Irrigation of terraced crop fields
  2. B.Lift irrigation of cereal crops
  3. C.Long duration energy storage
  4. D.Rainwater harvesting system
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Long duration energy storage

Pumped-storage hydropower stores surplus electricity by pumping water uphill and gives it back when the water flows down through turbines.

Q167.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2019, GS Paper IEasy

In the context of which one of the following are the terms 'pyrolysis and plasma gasification' mentioned?

  1. A.Extraction of rare earth elements
  2. B.Natural gas extraction technologies
  3. C.Hydrogen fuel-based automobiles
  4. D.Waste-to-energy technologies
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Waste-to-energy technologies

Pyrolysis and plasma gasification are two thermal methods of turning solid waste into fuel gas, oil or power.

Q168.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2026, GS Paper IMedium

Consider the following statements about Rhynchostylis retusa (Foxtail orchid) : 1. It is an epiphytic orchid. 2. The species is endemic to North-east India. 3. It is the State flower of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.1 and 3
  3. C.2 and 3
  4. D.3 only
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 1 and 3

The Foxtail orchid grows on trees as an epiphyte and is the state flower of both Arunachal Pradesh and Assam, but it is not confined to North-east India.

Q170.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2025, GS Paper IHard

Consider the following statements :

I. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in India are less than 0.5 t CO2/capita.

II. In terms of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion, India ranks second in Asia-Pacific region.

III. Electricity and heat producers are the largest sources of CO2 emissions in India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.I and III only
  2. B.II only
  3. C.II and III only
  4. D.I, II and III
Show answer
Correct answer: C. II and III only

India is the second-largest emitter of fuel-combustion CO2 in the Asia-Pacific after China, and power and heat generation is its biggest source, but its per capita emissions are well above 0.5 tonne.

Q171.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2017, GS Paper IMedium

The term 'Domestic Content Requirement' is sometimes seen in the news with reference to

  1. A.Developing solar power production in our country
  2. B.Granting licences to foreign T.V. channels in our country
  3. C.Exporting our food products to other countries
  4. D.Permitting foreign educational institutions to set up their campuses in our country
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Developing solar power production in our country

Domestic Content Requirement (DCR) is the rule that certain solar projects must use solar cells and modules made in India.

Q172.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2019, GS Paper IMedium

In the context of which of the following do some scientists suggest the use of cirrus cloud thinning technique and the injection of sulphate aerosol into stratosphere?

  1. A.Creating the artificial rains in some regions
  2. B.Reducing the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones
  3. C.Reducing the adverse effects of solar wind on the Earth
  4. D.Reducing the global warming
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Reducing the global warming

Both ideas are geoengineering proposals meant to cool the planet by changing how much heat enters or leaves the Earth.

Q173.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2021, GS Paper IMedium

Which of the following have species that can establish symbiotic relationship with other organisms?

1. Cnidarians

2. Fungi

3. Protozoa

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.2 and 3 only
  3. C.1 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: D. 1, 2 and 3

Cnidarians, fungi and protozoa all include species that live in close, mutually useful partnerships with other organisms. Symbiosis means two different species living closely together, often to the benefit of both.

Q174.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2025, GS Paper IHard

Regarding Peacock tarantula (Gooty tarantula), consider the following statements :

I. It is an omnivorous crustacean.

II. Its natural habitat in India is only limited to some forest areas.

III. In its natural habitat, it is an arboreal species.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.I only
  2. B.I and II
  3. C.II only
  4. D.II and III
Show answer
Correct answer: D. II and III

The Gooty tarantula is a tree-dwelling spider found only in a few forest patches of India; it is not a crustacean.

Q175.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2016, GS Paper IMedium

Consider the following pairs :

Terms sometimes seen in the news — Their origin

1. Annex-I Countries — Cartagena Protocol

2. Certified Emissions Reductions — Nagoya Protocol

3. Clean Development Mechanism — Kyoto Protocol

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.2 and 3 only
  3. C.3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: C. 3 only

All three terms come from the climate treaties, the UNFCCC and its Kyoto Protocol, so only the third pair is right.

Q176.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2021, GS Paper IHard

The 'Common Carbon Metric', supported by UNEP, has been developed for

  1. A.assessing the carbon footprint of building operations around the world
  2. B.enabling commercial farming entities around the world to enter carbon emission trading
  3. C.enabling governments to assess the overall carbon footprint caused by their countries
  4. D.assessing the overall carbon footprint caused by the use of fossil fuels by the world in a unit time
Show answer
Correct answer: A. assessing the carbon footprint of building operations around the world

The Common Carbon Metric is a standard way to measure and report the energy use and emissions of buildings in use.

Q177.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2025, GS Paper IHard

With reference to 'Direct Air Capture', an emerging technology, which of the following statements is/are correct?

I. It can be used as a way of carbon sequestration.

II. It can be a valuable approach for plastic production and in food processing.

III. In aviation, it can be a source of carbon for combining with hydrogen to create synthetic low-carbon fuel.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.I and II only
  2. B.III only
  3. C.I, II and III
  4. D.None of the above statements is correct
Show answer
Correct answer: C. I, II and III

Direct Air Capture pulls carbon dioxide straight out of the open air, and that CO2 can either be stored underground or used to make products.

Q178.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2017, GS Paper IMedium

In the context of mitigating the impending global warming due to anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide, which of the following can be the potential sites for carbon sequestration ?

1. Abandoned and uneconomic coal seams

2. Depleted oil and gas reservoirs

3. Subterranean deep saline formations

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.3 only
  3. C.1 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: D. 1, 2 and 3

All three are geological traps where captured carbon dioxide can be pumped and stored deep underground. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) takes carbon dioxide from power plants or factories, compresses it and injects it into rock formations that can hold it for thousands of years.

Q179.Environment & EcologyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2021, GS Paper IEasy

In case of which one of the following biogeochemical cycles, the weathering of rocks is the main source of release of nutrient to enter the cycle?

  1. A.Carbon cycle
  2. B.Nitrogen cycle
  3. C.Phosphorus cycle
  4. D.Sulphur cycle
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Phosphorus cycle

Phosphorus has no gaseous form in the cycle, so it enters ecosystems mainly when phosphate rocks weather. The phosphorus cycle is a sedimentary cycle.

Q180.Environment & EcologyHard

Energy-intensive industries and establishments notified under the Energy Conservation Act, 2001 are known as

  1. A.Designated consumers
  2. B.Obligated entities
  3. C.Accredited auditors
  4. D.State designated agencies
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Designated consumers

The Act lists energy-intensive sectors in a schedule, and units in them above a notified threshold of annual energy consumption become designated consumers; each must appoint or designate an energy manager, have an energy audit carried out at prescribed intervals, keep records of energy consumed and comply with the consumption…