UPSC Civil Services GK Questions 2026

Digital India was launched on that date with three stated aims: digital infrastructure as a utility for every citizen, governance and services on demand, and the digital empowerment of citizens; BharatNet, Common Service Centres, DigiLocker and the UMANG application all sit within it.

Phishing uses a message that looks as though it comes from a trusted institution, so that the reader voluntarily gives up credentials; the same fraud carried out by telephone call is called vishing and by text message smishing.

The Act of 2023 calls the individual to whom the personal data relates the Data Principal, and gives that person rights of access, correction, erasure and grievance redressal.

A denial of service attack exhausts a server's capacity with a flood of requests, and when the flood is generated from many machines at once, often a botnet of infected computers, it is called distributed.

The NPCI, set up in 2008 under the Payment and Settlement Systems Act of 2007 by the Reserve Bank and the Indian Banks' Association, launched UPI in 2016; it also runs RuPay, IMPS, the Aadhaar Enabled Payment System, NACH and FASTag.

The NCIIPC was designated under section 70A of the IT Act to protect critical information infrastructure, meaning computer resources whose incapacitation would have a debilitating effect on national security, the economy, public health or safety, and it works as a unit of the NTRO.

The Indian Computer Emergency Response Team functions under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and is designated by section 70B as the national agency for collecting and analysing information on cyber incidents, issuing advisories and coordinating responses.

In 2015 the Supreme Court held section 66A, which punished the sending of offensive messages through a communication service, to be unconstitutional because it was vague and overbroad and violated the freedom of speech under Article 19(1)(a).

These are the three goals of information security: only authorised persons should read the data, the data must not be altered without authority, and the system must work when it is needed.

It gives legal recognition to electronic records and digital signatures, creates the offences of computer-related crime, and was amended substantially in 2008 to add provisions on cyber terrorism, interception and data protection by body corporates.

Sualkuchi, a weaving town near Guwahati on the north bank of the Brahmaputra, is called the Manchester of Assam for its handloom weaving of Muga, the golden silk produced only in Assam, along with Pat and Eri silk.

Majuli is the state's great river island, long described as one of the largest in the world, and it is the centre of the sattra tradition founded by Srimanta Sankardeva, with the Raas Mahotsav among its best known festivals.

Deepor Beel is a permanent freshwater lake on the south-western edge of Guwahati, a former channel of the Brahmaputra, and it was designated a Ramsar site in 2002; it is an important resting place for migratory birds and for elephants moving between forest patches.

Digboi in the Tinsukia district is where oil was first struck in India in the late nineteenth century, and the refinery built there is the oldest in the country still working.

Sattriya grew in the sattras, the Vaishnava monasteries founded by Srimanta Sankardeva in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, many of them on the river island of Majuli, and it was recognised as a classical dance of India in 2000, the most recent addition to the list.

It ended the First Anglo-Burmese War, and under it the Burmese gave up their claims to Assam, Manipur, Arakan and Tenasserim, so Assam came under the East India Company.

Sukaphaa was a Tai prince who crossed the Patkai range and established the Ahom kingdom in 1228; it lasted about six hundred years, the longest unbroken rule by any Indian dynasty of the medieval period, and 2 December is observed in Assam in his memory.

Saraighat was a naval battle fought on the Brahmaputra near Guwahati in 1671, in which the Ahom commander Lachit Borphukan defeated the Mughal force led by Ram Singh, and it ended Mughal ambitions in the Brahmaputra valley.

Kaziranga, which holds the largest population of the Indian one-horned rhinoceros, was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1985, the same year as Manas National Park on the Bhutan border.

Dispur is the seat of the Assam government and lies within the larger city of Guwahati, which is why the two are so often confused.