Static GK is the largest part of General Studies in every state exam, and most of it is national. Indian polity, history and the national movement, geography of India, the Indian economy and general science appear in the syllabus of UPPSC PCS and PET, BPSC and BSSC, RPSC and RSSB, MPPSC and MPESB, HPSC and HSSC, and DSSSB and Delhi Police. The level changes from exam to exam. PET sets its subjects at NCERT secondary and senior secondary level, BSSC asks matric-level science, and RPSC sets the RAS Prelims at Bachelor's degree standard. This page brings together GK24's topic-wise GK notes tagged for state exams. Each note covers one topic in English and Hindi, as short facts and tables that can be revised in one sitting, and ends with multiple-choice questions and explanations. Start with Polity, History and Geography, then move to the Economy and Science. GK24 does not have state GK sections. As guidance, use these notes for the national part and prepare your state's history, geography, culture, economy and schemes from state board textbooks, the state budget and economic survey, and the commission's past papers. After each note, take its topic quiz and mark what you got wrong.
The dark reaction of photosynthesis takes place in which part of the chloroplast?
Here the ATP and NADPH made in the light reaction are spent on fixing carbon dioxide into carbohydrate.
Read the full explanation →The oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from
In the light reaction, water absorbed by the roots is split in the presence of light and chlorophyll, a step called photolysis of water or the Hill reaction.
Read the full explanation →Which metal is present at the centre of the chlorophyll molecule?
Chlorophyll is built on a ring structure with a single magnesium atom held at its centre, and because magnesium is needed to make the pigment, a plant short of magnesium develops chlorosis, the yellowing of leaves between the veins.
Read the full explanation →Photosynthesis in plants converts light energy to ______ energy.
In photosynthesis a green plant absorbs sunlight through chlorophyll and uses that energy to join carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrate.
Read the full explanation →Under the Panchamrit announced at COP26, India set a target of non-fossil energy capacity of
The correct answer is C, 500 GW by 2030, the first of the five Panchamrit commitments placed before COP26 in Glasgow in 2021, the others being half of India's energy requirement from renewables by 2030, a billion tonnes off projected emissions by 2030, a 45 per cent cut in the…
Read the full explanation →In which financial year did India issue its first sovereign green bonds?
The Union Budget for that year announced the intention, the Government published a Sovereign Green Bonds framework in 2022, and the Reserve Bank of India auctioned the first tranche on the Government's behalf in January 2023, with the proceeds earmarked for renewable energy, clean transport, energy efficiency, sustainable water management…
Read the full explanation →Energy Saving Certificates, or ESCerts, are issued under which scheme?
Each designated consumer in an energy-intensive industry such as cement, steel, aluminium, fertiliser or thermal power is given a specific energy consumption target; a plant that beats its target earns ESCerts, and a plant that misses it must buy them, which the power exchanges make possible.
Read the full explanation →Which body is the administrator of India's Carbon Credit Trading Scheme?
In the same scheme the Grid Controller of India keeps the registry and the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission regulates trading.
Read the full explanation →India's Carbon Credit Trading Scheme was made possible by an amendment to which law?
The Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2022 inserted the power for the Central Government to specify a Carbon Credit Trading Scheme, which is why the market sits with the Ministry of Power and its Bureau of Energy Efficiency rather than with the environment ministry.
Read the full explanation →At which Conference of the Parties did India announce its target of net zero emissions by 2070?
The correct answer is C, COP26 in Glasgow, held in 2021, where India placed a five-part pledge known as the Panchamrit before the conference: 500 GW of non-fossil energy capacity by 2030, half its energy requirement from renewables by 2030, a cut of one billion tonnes in projected emissions by…
Read the full explanation →Which article of the Paris Agreement provides for cooperative approaches and a centralised crediting mechanism?
It holds all the market machinery of the Paris Agreement: Article 6.2 lets two countries cooperate bilaterally and transfer Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes with a corresponding adjustment so the same tonne is not counted twice, Article 6.4 establishes a centralised crediting mechanism supervised by a United Nations body as the…
Read the full explanation →Credits generated under the Clean Development Mechanism are known as
India hosted a very large number of such projects and was among the world's biggest sellers of CERs.
Read the full explanation →The Clean Development Mechanism was created by which international agreement?
Adopted in 1997 at COP3 in Japan and in force from 2005, it set binding emission targets for developed countries and gave them three flexible mechanisms to meet them; the Clean Development Mechanism, under Article 12, let a developed country fund an emission-reduction project in a developing country and claim…
Read the full explanation →One carbon credit represents the reduction of how much greenhouse gas?
The tonne is the standard trading unit in every carbon market, compliance or voluntary, and it is written as 1 tCO2e. The word equivalent matters: gases other than carbon dioxide are converted into carbon dioxide terms using their global warming potential, so a much smaller quantity of methane or nitrous…
Read the full explanation →In Boolean algebra, the value of the expression A added to the complement of A is
This is the complement law for addition, which corresponds to the OR operation. Whatever value A takes, one of A and its complement must be 1, and an OR gate gives 1 whenever any input is 1, so the expression is 1 in both cases.
Read the full explanation →How many rows will the truth table of a logic circuit with three input variables have?
Each input can take one of two values, so for three inputs the number of distinct combinations is two multiplied by itself three times, that is two raised to the power three, which is eight.
Read the full explanation →Which logic gate is also known as an inverter?
It is the only gate that takes a single input, and it simply reverses the logic level it receives, giving 1 for an input of 0 and 0 for an input of 1; because the output is the inverse or complement of the input, the circuit is called an inverter.
Read the full explanation →In a half adder circuit, the sum output is produced by which gate?
Adding two single bits gives a sum that is 1 when exactly one of the bits is 1 and 0 when both are 0 or both are 1, which is precisely the XOR rule; so in a half adder the sum line comes from an XOR gate.
Read the full explanation →Boolean algebra, the basis of digital logic, was developed by
The system was a work of pure mathematics for decades until Claude Shannon showed that it described electrical switching circuits exactly, which opened the way to digital computing.
Read the full explanation →A 'literal' in Boolean Algebra means
In Boolean algebra a literal is any single appearance of a variable in an expression, whether it appears plain or with a bar over it.
Read the full explanation →