State Exams GK Questions 2026

Storage units climb in powers of two, each unit being 1,024 times the one below it, so 1,024 bytes make a kilobyte, 1,024 kilobytes a megabyte, 1,024 megabytes a gigabyte, 1,024 gigabytes a terabyte and 1,024 terabytes a petabyte.

The Apriori algorithm first finds the sets of items that appear together often enough to pass a support threshold, using the rule that any subset of a frequent set must itself be frequent, and then turns those frequent sets into rules measured by confidence.

In the process called Knowledge Discovery in Databases, or KDD, the stages run from selection of the relevant data, through cleaning and preprocessing, to transformation, then data mining, and finally interpretation and evaluation of what was found.

It splits a large file into fixed-size blocks, 128 megabytes by default in current versions, scatters those blocks over the machines of the cluster and keeps more than one copy of each block so that the failure of a machine does not lose data.

Virtualisation is the technique of running several logical machines on one physical machine and belongs to the chapter on cloud computing, not to the definition of big data.

On-Line Transaction Processing is the mode in which a bank counter, a railway booking window or a payment gateway works: each transaction is processed the moment it is entered, so the response to the user is immediate, and every committed transaction is written at once, so the database always reflects…

A data warehouse is exactly that, a central store into which data from many operational systems is extracted, cleaned and loaded so that it can be analysed for decision making.

The correct answer is A, Sir Mortimer Wheeler, who came as Director-General in 1944 and insisted that a mound be dug layer by layer, each layer recorded in section with its pottery, so that the order of occupation could be read from the earth itself; he applied the method at…

Appointed by Lord Curzon in 1902 and Director-General until 1928, he put Harappa and Mohenjo-daro in the hands of Daya Ram Sahni and R. D. Banerji, saw that the seals and bricks from the two places belonged to one unknown civilisation and announced it in 1924, afterwards publishing the great…

Travelling by train through Raisen district in Madhya Pradesh in 1957, he noticed the rock formations rising above the forest, returned to examine them and found hundreds of shelters whose walls carry paintings of hunters, dancers and animals running from the Upper Palaeolithic to historical times; Bhimbetka was added to…

Lothal lies in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat on the Bhogava, and the baked brick basin found there, connected to the river by a channel, is generally identified as a dockyard, which makes Lothal the port town of the Harappan world; it also yielded a bead factory, a warehouse and the…

The correct answer is B, Daya Ram Sahni, who was appointed in 1931, having already made his name by excavating Harappa ten years earlier.

The amendment of 2010 declared the belt of a hundred metres around every centrally protected monument or site a prohibited area, in which construction and mining are barred except for repairs to the monument itself, and the next two hundred metres a regulated area, where building needs the permission of…

It lets the central government declare a monument or an archaeological site to be of national importance, controls excavation and punishes damage, and its amendment of 2010 fixed the hundred metres around such a monument as a prohibited area and the next two hundred metres as a regulated area.

He found the Survey starved of money and nearly wound up, restored its budget, appointed John Marshall as Director-General in 1902 and carried the Ancient Monuments Preservation Act of 1904, the first law in India that let the government protect a monument and stop its owner from damaging or exporting…

The correct answer is B, Daya Ram Sahni, who dug at Harappa on the bank of the Ravi in 1921 while John Marshall was Director-General, and who ten years later became the first Indian to head the Survey.

The Survey is an attached office of that ministry, has its head office in New Delhi and divides the country into circles, each under a Superintending Archaeologist, which look after the monuments and sites declared to be of national importance.

An engineer of the Bengal Engineers who had surveyed Sarnath and Sanchi long before the Survey existed, he was appointed its first Archaeological Surveyor in 1861 and its first Director-General in 1871, and he used the travel accounts of the Chinese pilgrims Faxian and Xuanzang to identify ancient cities with…

The Survey was set up in that year, in the first years of Crown rule after the revolt of 1857, with Alexander Cunningham as its first Archaeological Surveyor, and it was reorganised as a full department with Cunningham as Director-General in 1871.

Bibi Ka Maqbara at Aurangabad in Maharashtra was built by prince Azam Shah in memory of his mother Dilras Banu Begum, who bore the title Rabia-ud-Daurani and was the wife of Aurangzeb.