RRB NTPC GK Questions 2026

The founder of the Lodi dynasty spent much of his reign subduing the Sharqi kingdom, defeated Hussain Shah Sharqi, who fled to Bengal, and annexed Jaunpur in 1484.

He brought the three divisions of Bengal under one authority in 1342, founded the dynasty named after him, took the title Shah-i-Bangalah and held off Firoz Shah Tughlaq's two invasions.

The son of Dilawar Khan Ghuri moved the seat of government from the plains town of Dhar to the hill fort of Mandu, renamed it Shadiabad, the city of joy, and built the Jama Mosque there; his own tomb at Mandu is the first building in India faced entirely in…

He abolished the jizya, recalled the Brahmins who had fled, had the Mahabharata and Kalhana's Rajatarangini translated into Persian, and settled artisans from Samarkand who introduced paper-making, shawl weaving and carpet weaving.

In Gujarati be garh means two forts, and Mahmud took both the hill fort of Girnar in Junagadh and the fort of Champaner in the east of his kingdom, founding the towns of Mustafabad and Muhammadabad beside them.

He moved the capital of Gujarat from Anhilwara Patan to a new city on the Sabarmati in 1411, named it after himself, and built there the Jama Mosque and the ceremonial Teen Darwaza.

Under the Sharqi sultans, and especially Ibrahim Shah Sharqi, Jaunpur attracted so many scholars of Persian and Arabic, theologians and musicians that it was compared with Shiraz, the city of learning and poetry in Iran.

A noble of the later Tughlaq court, Malik Sarwar was sent east in 1394 with the title Malik-us-Sharq, the Master of the East, and he made himself independent of Delhi; the title gave his line the name Sharqi.

Charnockite is a granitic rock of the Archaean Basement Complex and is found in the Nilgiri and Palni hills of the south.

Bhangar is the older alluvium occupying the higher terraces above the present flood level of the rivers, and its soils often hold calcareous concretions known as kankar.

Lignite, or brown coal, is a low-rank coal formed from vegetation buried relatively recently, and the Neyveli field of Tamil Nadu is a Tertiary deposit, as are the petroleum-bearing rocks of Assam and Gujarat.

Sediment settles in layers at ordinary temperatures, so the remains of organisms buried with it are preserved as the layers are compacted and cemented, which is why sedimentary rocks are also called stratified rocks and why the history of life is read from them.

At the close of the Cretaceous, highly fluid lava welled out of long cracks in the crust in the north-western Deccan and spread as sheet after sheet over Maharashtra and parts of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh; the flat, step-like arrangement of these flows is what the word trap describes.

Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcium carbonate, and when it is subjected to heat and pressure its grains recrystallise into the dense, even-textured rock called marble.

Named after the Dharwar region of Karnataka, it is the oldest metamorphosed sedimentary system in India and is described as highly metalliferous, yielding iron ore, manganese, gold, copper, lead, zinc and mica; the Champion gneiss of the Kolar gold field belongs to it.

The sandstones, shales and limestones of this Purana system, which stretch across central India into the Son valley, contain the conglomerate beds in which diamonds are found, and the Panna mines of Madhya Pradesh as well as the diamonds once traded from the Kurnool area are associated with them.

From the Upper Carboniferous onwards, thick beds of plant material accumulated in troughs and freshwater basins on the Gondwana landmass and were buried under sandstone and shale, giving the coalfields of the Damodar, Mahanadi, Godavari, Son and Wardha valleys.

In geology a rock is any natural aggregate of one or more minerals that forms part of the earth's crust, whether it is hard like granite or soft like clay, and rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic according to how they were formed.

Root-knot is caused by microscopic soil roundworms of the genus Meloidogyne, which enter the young root, settle in it and make the surrounding tissue swell into knots or galls; the plant then cannot draw water properly and wilts in the afternoon heat even when the soil is moist.

Phytoplasmas are bacteria without cell walls that live in the food-conducting tissue of the plant, and they are carried from plant to plant by sap-sucking leafhoppers, also called jassids; in little leaf of brinjal the leaves become very small and numerous, the plant bushes out and no fruit is set.