Railway GK Questions 2026

ENIAC, the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, was completed in 1946 at the University of Pennsylvania by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly and used some eighteen thousand vacuum tubes; it was a first generation machine, filled a large room and consumed a great deal of power.

Ada Lovelace, the daughter of Lord Byron, worked with Charles Babbage on the Analytical Engine, and the notes she published in 1843 include a step by step sequence for computing Bernoulli numbers on it, which is recognised as the first computer program; a programming language, Ada, is named after her.

The French mathematician Blaise Pascal built the Pascaline in 1642 to help his father with tax calculations; it worked with toothed wheels and could add and subtract, and the programming language Pascal is named in his honour.

Babbage designed the Difference Engine in 1822 and then the Analytical Engine, a general purpose mechanical computer with a store for numbers, a mill for arithmetic, punched card input and printed output, which is the plan of a modern computer drawn a century before one could be built; for that…

The IBM System/360, announced in 1964, was built around integrated circuits, and the integrated circuit is exactly what defines the third generation of computers; the series is also remembered for introducing a single compatible family of machines of different sizes.

The generations of computers are named for the switching device they use, and the second generation, running from the late 1950s into the early 1960s, replaced the bulky vacuum tube with the transistor, which had been invented at Bell Laboratories in 1947.

The Ministry of AYUSH was created on 9 November 2014 by upgrading the existing department, so that the traditional systems of medicine would have a ministry and a minister of their own.

These three are the Brihat Trayi, the great triad of Ayurvedic literature: Charaka on internal medicine, Sushruta on surgery and Vagbhata summarising both in the Ashtanga Hridaya.

Ibn Sina, called Avicenna in Europe, compiled Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb, the Canon of Medicine, which organised the medical knowledge of his age into a single system and was taught in Asian and European schools for centuries; it remains a basic text of Unani medicine.

Hahnemann was a German physician who set out the principles of homoeopathy in the Organon of Medicine, chief among them the maxim similia similibus curentur, let like be cured by like, together with the law of the minimum dose and the method of potentisation.

The United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution on 11 December 2014 declaring 21 June the International Day of Yoga, and the day was observed for the first time in 2015.

Patanjali compiled the Yoga Sutras, the foundational text of the yoga school of Indian philosophy, and in it he lays out Ashtanga Yoga, the eight limbs: Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama, Pratyahara, Dharana, Dhyana and Samadhi.

The Sushruta Samhita is the classical Indian treatise on Shalya Tantra, surgery, and it describes operations for cataract and for bladder stone, the repair of a severed nose that later writers called rhinoplasty, the eight kinds of surgical procedure and a long list of surgical instruments, which is why Sushruta…

Sowa-Rigpa, the science of healing, is the Amchi system of medicine practised in the Himalayan belt of Ladakh, Lahaul and Spiti, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and the Darjeeling hills, and its foundational text is the Gyud-Zhi or Four Tantras.

In Ujjayi the throat is slightly narrowed while breathing through the nose, so the air makes a soft continuous hiss that is commonly compared with the sound of the sea or of waves; for that reason it is called the ocean breath, and the name itself means victorious.

Indian tradition, and the Bhagavad Gita in particular, sets out three classical paths by which a seeker may reach the spirit: jnana yoga, the path of knowledge and discrimination; bhakti yoga, the path of devotion and surrender; and karma yoga, the path of selfless action performed without attachment to its…

Samatvam means equanimity or evenness, the steadiness of mind that is not shaken by success or failure, and the Bhagavad Gita uses the expression samatvam yoga uchyate, evenness of mind is called yoga.

The word yoga comes from the Sanskrit root yuj, to join or to yoke, and the classical tradition treats it as a discipline that unites the individual self with the higher self.

Milan is the multinational naval exercise hosted by the Indian Navy. It began in 1995 at Port Blair with a few navies of the Bay of Bengal and South East Asia and later moved to Visakhapatnam, growing into a large gathering with a harbour phase of seminars and a sea…

SIMBEX stands for Singapore India Maritime Bilateral Exercise, the longest running naval exercise India holds with any country, begun in 1994 and conducted in the South China Sea, the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal.