Railway GK Questions 2026

The Nimar plain is the lower part of the Narmada valley, around Khandwa, Khargone and Barwani, shut in by the Vindhyan scarp on the north and the Satpura on the south.

The Tapti, or Tapi, begins at Multai in Betul district on the southern side of the Satpura and flows west through Maharashtra and Gujarat to the Gulf of Khambhat.

The Chachai falls lie in Rewa district, where the Bihad river plunges over the edge of the Vindhyan sandstone plateau.

Khajuraho is in Chhatarpur district, which lies on the Bundelkhand Plateau, the tract of old granite and gneiss north of the Vindhya that takes in Chhatarpur, Tikamgarh, Datia, Sagar and Damoh.

The trough between the Vindhya and the Satpura sank along two roughly parallel faults, leaving the land on either side standing up as block mountains.

Pachmarhi lies in the Mahadeo hills of the Satpura in Narmadapuram district, at a height of about a thousand metres, and is the only hill station in Madhya Pradesh.

Beyond the Son valley the Vindhyan rocks continue east as the Kaimur range, which passes through the Rewa and Satna country of Madhya Pradesh into Uttar Pradesh and then into the Kaimur and Rohtas districts of Bihar, where it forms the southern plateau fringe of that state.

The Vindhya Range runs west to east along the northern edge of the Narmada valley, and the rivers that rise on its northern slope, the Chambal, the Betwa, the Ken and the Tons, go to the Yamuna and the Ganga, while those on its southern slope go to the Narmada.

The Chambal begins on the Malwa Plateau at Janapav, flows north through Madhya Pradesh into Rajasthan and finally joins the Yamuna, which is why it belongs to the Ganga drainage although it starts in central India.

Malwa was covered by the great lava flows that spread over western and central India, and the basalt they left weathers into the deep black cotton soil, locally called regur, which makes Malwa a wheat, gram, cotton and soyabean region.

Amarkantak lies at the eastern end of the Satpura, where that range, the Maikal hills and the Vindhya come together, and three rivers begin there: the Narmada, which turns west along the rift valley, the Son, which runs east towards the Ganga, and the Johila, a tributary of the Son.

Dhupgarh rises to 1,350 metres at Pachmarhi, in Narmadapuram district, and is the highest point both of the Satpura range and of Madhya Pradesh.

The Markanda rises in the Shivalik hills of Himachal Pradesh, where it is known as the Aruna, enters Haryana near Ambala and flows through Ambala and Kurukshetra districts before joining the Ghaggar.

The Western Yamuna Canal draws its supply from the Hathnikund barrage in Yamunanagar district and carries Yamuna water across Karnal, Panipat, Rohtak, Jind and Hisar, making it the backbone of irrigation in northern and central Haryana.

Surajkund is an amphitheatre-shaped tank in the Aravalli hills near Faridabad, and it is traditionally ascribed to Suraj Pal, a ruler of the Tomar line that held the Delhi region before the Chauhans.

Brahma Sarovar is the great tank at Thanesar in Kurukshetra district, and with the Sannihit Sarovar nearby it is the centre of the bathing fairs held there, especially at the solar eclipse and during Gita Jayanti.

The Sahibi rises in the Aravalli hills of Rajasthan, flows north-east across Rewari and Gurugram and ends in the Najafgarh jheel on the Haryana-Delhi border; from there the Najafgarh drain carries its water into the Yamuna.

Bhindawas lies in Jhajjar district and is a man-made wetland fed by drainage and canal water. It is the largest wetland in Haryana, is an important wintering ground for waterbirds, and in 2021 it was listed as a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention along with Sultanpur.

Sultanpur National Park lies in Gurugram district, near Sultanpur village on the Gurugram-Jhajjar road, and it is a shallow seasonal wetland that fills in the monsoon and draws large numbers of migratory waterbirds on the Central Asian Flyway.

Adi Badri lies at the foot of the Shivaliks in Yamunanagar district, and tradition holds it to be the place where the Saraswati came down to the plain.