Which one of the following instruments can be used to measure −250°C temperature?
- A.By using a mercury based thermometer
- B.By using an alcohol based thermometer
- C.By using a clinical thermometer
- D.By using thermocouple based thermometer
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is D, a thermocouple based thermometer. A thermocouple has no liquid that can freeze, so suitable types can read temperatures far below −200°C.
A thermocouple is made of two wires of different metals joined at a junction. When the junction is at a different temperature from the other end, a small voltage appears across the wires, an effect discovered by Thomas Seebeck in 1821. The voltage changes with temperature, so a meter can be calibrated to read the temperature directly. Thermocouples cover a very wide range, from the cold of liquefied gases to the heat of furnaces.
A, a mercury thermometer, fails because mercury freezes at about −39°C.
C, a clinical thermometer, reads only about 35°C to 42°C, the range of human body temperature.
B, an alcohol thermometer, works to lower temperatures than mercury, but alcohol freezes at about −114°C.
Exam tip: mercury freezes at −39°C and alcohol at −114°C; for very low or very high temperatures use a thermocouple, and for furnaces a pyrometer.
Practice Questions
View allThe fact that the planets move around the Sun, not in circles but in ellipses, was first demonstrated by
- A.Galileo
- B.Martin Luther
- C.Johannes Kepler
- D.Copernicus
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In 1609 Kepler showed that the planets move around the Sun in elliptical orbits, with the Sun at one focus of the ellipse.
Read the full explanation →Which one of the following statements is correct?
- A.Urea is produced in liver.
- B.Urea is produced in blood.
- C.Urea is produced from digestion of starch.
- D.Urea is produced in lung and kidney.
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Liver cells turn the toxic ammonia released from the breakdown of amino acids into urea through the ornithine cycle, also called the urea cycle.
Read the full explanation →Which one of the following is the correct sequence of passage of light in a compound microscope?
- A.Condenser-Objective lens-Eyepiece-Body tube
- B.Objective lens-Condenser-Body tube-Eyepiece
- C.Condenser-Objective lens-Body tube-Eyepiece
- D.Eyepiece-Objective lens-Body tube-Mirror
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Light passes through the condenser to the specimen, is picked up by the objective lens, travels up the body tube and reaches the eye through the eyepiece.
Read the full explanation →Which one of the following statements regarding haemoglobin is correct?
- A.Haemoglobin present in RBC can carry only oxygen but not carbon dioxide.
- B.Haemoglobin of RBC can carry both oxygen and carbon dioxide.
- C.Haemoglobin of RBC can carry only carbon dioxide.
- D.Haemoglobin is only used for blood clotting and not for carrying gases.
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It binds oxygen at its iron-containing haem groups and carries some carbon dioxide on its protein chains. Each haemoglobin molecule has four polypeptide chains and four haem groups, and each haem iron can hold one oxygen molecule, forming oxyhaemoglobin in the lungs.
Read the full explanation →Which one of the following statements regarding histone proteins is correct?
- A.Histones are proteins that are present in mitochondrial membrane.
- B.Histones are proteins that are present in nucleus in association with DNA.
- C.Histones are proteins associated with lipids in the cytosol.
- D.Histones are proteins associated with carbohydrates in the cytosol.
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They are the proteins around which DNA winds to form chromatin in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Histones are small basic proteins, rich in the positively charged amino acids lysine and arginine, which attract the negatively charged phosphate groups of DNA.
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